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170 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
170 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
# 143,993 - Pentesting IMAP
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{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Internet Message Access Protocol
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Die **Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)** is ontwerp om gebruikers in staat te stel om **hul e-posboodskappe van enige plek af te bekom**, hoofsaaklik deur 'n Internet-verbinding. In wese word e-posse **op 'n bediener gehou** eerder as om afgelaai en op 'n individu se persoonlike toestel gestoor te word. Dit beteken dat wanneer 'n e-pos toegang verkry of gelees word, dit **direk van die bediener** gedoen word. Hierdie vermoë maak dit moontlik om e-posse van **meerdere toestelle** te kontroleer, wat verseker dat geen boodskappe gemis word ongeag die toestel wat gebruik word nie.
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Standaard werk die IMAP-protokol op twee poorte:
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- **Port 143** - dit is die standaard IMAP nie-geënkripteerde poort
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- **Port 993** - dit is die poort wat jy moet gebruik as jy veilig met IMAP wil verbind
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```
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PORT STATE SERVICE REASON
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143/tcp open imap syn-ack
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```
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## Banner grabbing
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```bash
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nc -nv <IP> 143
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openssl s_client -connect <IP>:993 -quiet
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```
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### NTLM Auth - Inligtingsontsluiting
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As die bediener NTLM-authentisering (Windows) ondersteun, kan jy sensitiewe inligting (weergawe) verkry:
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```
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root@kali: telnet example.com 143
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* OK The Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 service is ready.
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>> a1 AUTHENTICATE NTLM
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+
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>> TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=
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+ TlRMTVNTUAACAAAACgAKADgAAAAFgooCBqqVKFrKPCMAAAAAAAAAAEgASABCAAAABgOAJQAAAA9JAEkAUwAwADEAAgAKAEkASQBTADAAMQABAAoASQBJAFMAMAAxAAQACgBJAEkAUwAwADEAAwAKAEkASQBTADAAMQAHAAgAHwMI0VPy1QEAAAAA
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```
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Of **automate** dit met **nmap** plugin `imap-ntlm-info.nse`
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### [IMAP Bruteforce](../generic-hacking/brute-force.md#imap)
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## Sintaksis
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IMAP Opdrag voorbeelde van [hier](https://donsutherland.org/crib/imap):
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```
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Login
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A1 LOGIN username password
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Values can be quoted to enclose spaces and special characters. A " must then be escape with a \
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A1 LOGIN "username" "password"
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List Folders/Mailboxes
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A1 LIST "" *
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A1 LIST INBOX *
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A1 LIST "Archive" *
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Create new Folder/Mailbox
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A1 CREATE INBOX.Archive.2012
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A1 CREATE "To Read"
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Delete Folder/Mailbox
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A1 DELETE INBOX.Archive.2012
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A1 DELETE "To Read"
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Rename Folder/Mailbox
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A1 RENAME "INBOX.One" "INBOX.Two"
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List Subscribed Mailboxes
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A1 LSUB "" *
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Status of Mailbox (There are more flags than the ones listed)
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A1 STATUS INBOX (MESSAGES UNSEEN RECENT)
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Select a mailbox
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A1 SELECT INBOX
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List messages
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A1 FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)
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A1 UID FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)
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Retrieve Message Content
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A1 FETCH 2 body[text]
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A1 FETCH 2 all
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A1 UID FETCH 102 (UID RFC822.SIZE BODY.PEEK[])
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Close Mailbox
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A1 CLOSE
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Logout
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A1 LOGOUT
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```
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### Evolusie
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```
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apt install evolution
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```
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.png>)
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### CURL
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Basiese navigasie is moontlik met [CURL](https://ec.haxx.se/usingcurl/usingcurl-reademail#imap), maar die dokumentasie is lig op besonderhede, so dit word aanbeveel om die [bron](https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/master/lib/imap.c) te kontroleer vir presiese besonderhede.
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1. Lys van posbusse (imap opdrag `LIST "" "*"`)
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```bash
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/' --user user:pass
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```
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2. Lys boodskappe in 'n posbus (imap opdrag `SELECT INBOX` en dan `SEARCH ALL`)
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```bash
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX?ALL' --user user:pass
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```
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Die resultaat van hierdie soektog is 'n lys van boodskapindekse.
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Dit is ook moontlik om meer komplekse soekterme te verskaf. bv. om te soek na konsepte met wagwoord in die e-posliggaam:
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```bash
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts?TEXT password' --user user:pass
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```
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'n Goeie oorsig van die soekterme wat moontlik is, is [hier](https://www.atmail.com/blog/imap-commands/) geleë.
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3. Laai 'n boodskap af (imap opdrag `SELECT Drafts` en dan `FETCH 1 BODY[]`)
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```bash
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts;MAILINDEX=1' --user user:pass
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```
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Die posindeks sal dieselfde indeks wees wat van die soekoperasie teruggegee word.
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Dit is ook moontlik om `UID` (unieke id) te gebruik om boodskappe te bekom, maar dit is minder gerieflik aangesien die soekopdrag handmatig geformateer moet word. Byvoorbeeld
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```bash
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'UID SEARCH ALL' --user user:pass
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curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX;UID=1' --user user:pass
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```
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Ook moontlik om net dele van 'n boodskap af te laai, bv. onderwerp en sender van die eerste 5 boodskappe (die `-v` is vereis om die onderwerp en sender te sien):
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'FETCH 1:5 BODY[HEADER.FIELDS (SUBJECT FROM)]' --user user:pass -v 2>&1 | grep '^<'
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```
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Alhoewel, dit is waarskynlik skoner om net 'n bietjie vir-lus te skryf:
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```bash
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for m in {1..5}; do
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echo $m
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curl "imap://1.2.3.4/INBOX;MAILINDEX=$m;SECTION=HEADER.FIELDS%20(SUBJECT%20FROM)" --user user:pass
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done
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```
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## Shodan
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- `port:143 CAPABILITY`
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- `port:993 CAPABILITY`
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## HackTricks Outomatiese Opdragte
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```
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Protocol_Name: IMAP #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
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Port_Number: 143,993 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
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Protocol_Description: Internet Message Access Protocol #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
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Entry_1:
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Name: Notes
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Description: Notes for WHOIS
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Note: |
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The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) is designed for the purpose of enabling users to access their email messages from any location, primarily through an Internet connection. In essence, emails are retained on a server rather than being downloaded and stored on an individual's personal device. This means that when an email is accessed or read, it is done directly from the server. This capability allows for the convenience of checking emails from multiple devices, ensuring that no messages are missed regardless of the device used.
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https://book.hacktricks.wiki/en/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-imap.html
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Entry_2:
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Name: Banner Grab
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Description: Banner Grab 143
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Command: nc -nv {IP} 143
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Entry_3:
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Name: Secure Banner Grab
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Description: Banner Grab 993
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Command: openssl s_client -connect {IP}:993 -quiet
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Entry_4:
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Name: consolesless mfs enumeration
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Description: IMAP enumeration without the need to run msfconsole
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Note: sourced from https://github.com/carlospolop/legion
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Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/imap/imap_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 143; run; exit'
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```
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{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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