mirror of
https://github.com/HackTricks-wiki/hacktricks.git
synced 2025-10-10 18:36:50 +00:00
470 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
470 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
# Misc JS Tricks & Relevant Info
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{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Javascript Fuzzing
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### Valid JS Comment Chars
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```javascript
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//This is a 1 line comment
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/* This is a multiline comment*/
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#!This is a 1 line comment, but "#!" must to be at the beggining of the line
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-->This is a 1 line comment, but "-->" must to be at the beggining of the line
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for (let j = 0; j < 128; j++) {
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for (let k = 0; k < 128; k++) {
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for (let l = 0; l < 128; l++) {
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if (j == 34 || k ==34 || l ==34)
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continue;
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if (j == 0x0a || k ==0x0a || l ==0x0a)
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continue;
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if (j == 0x0d || k ==0x0d || l ==0x0d)
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continue;
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if (j == 0x3c || k ==0x3c || l ==0x3c)
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continue;
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if (
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(j == 47 && k == 47)
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||(k == 47 && l == 47)
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)
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continue;
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try {
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var cmd = String.fromCharCode(j) + String.fromCharCode(k) + String.fromCharCode(l) + 'a.orange.ctf"';
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eval(cmd);
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} catch(e) {
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var err = e.toString().split('\n')[0].split(':')[0];
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if (err === 'SyntaxError' || err === "ReferenceError")
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continue
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err = e.toString().split('\n')[0]
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}
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console.log(err,cmd);
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}
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}
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}
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//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z
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// From: Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 43). Kindle Edition.
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log=[];
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for(let i=0;i<=0xff;i++){
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for(let j=0;j<=0xfff;j++){
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try {
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eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i,j)}%$£234$`)
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log.push([i,j])
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}catch(e){}
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}
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}
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console.log(log)//[35,33],[47,47]
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```
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### मान्य JS नई पंक्ति वर्ण
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```javascript
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//Javascript interpret as new line these chars:
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String.fromCharCode(10) //0x0a
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String.fromCharCode(13) //0x0d
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String.fromCharCode(8232) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8
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String.fromCharCode(8233) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8
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for (let j = 0; j < 65536; j++) {
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try {
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var cmd = '"aaaaa";' + String.fromCharCode(j) + '-->a.orange.ctf"'
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eval(cmd)
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} catch (e) {
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var err = e.toString().split("\n")[0].split(":")[0]
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if (err === "SyntaxError" || err === "ReferenceError") continue
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err = e.toString().split("\n")[0]
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}
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console.log(`[${err}]`, j, cmd)
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}
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//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z
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```
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### फ़ंक्शन कॉल में मान्य JS स्पेसेस
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```javascript
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// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 40-41). Kindle Edition.
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// Check chars that can be put in between in func name and the ()
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function x(){}
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log=[];
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for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
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try {
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eval(`x${String.fromCodePoint(i)}()`)
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log.push(i)
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}catch(e){}
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}
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console.log(log)v//9,10,11,12,13,32,160,5760,8192,8193,8194,8195,8196,8197,8198,8199,8200,8201,8202,813 232,8233,8239,8287,12288,65279
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```
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### **स्ट्रिंग्स उत्पन्न करने के लिए मान्य वर्ण**
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```javascript
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// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 41-42). Kindle Edition.
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// Check which pairs of chars can make something be a valid string
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log = []
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for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
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try {
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eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i)}%$£234${String.fromCodePoint(i)}`)
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log.push(i)
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} catch (e) {}
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}
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console.log(log) //34,39,47,96
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//single quote, quotes, backticks & // (regex)
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```
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### **Surrogate Pairs BF**
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यह तकनीक XSS के लिए बहुत उपयोगी नहीं होगी लेकिन यह WAF सुरक्षा को बायपास करने के लिए उपयोगी हो सकती है। यह पायथन कोड 2 बाइट्स को इनपुट के रूप में प्राप्त करता है और यह एक सरोगेट पेयर की खोज करता है जिसमें पहला बाइट उच्च सरोगेट पेयर के अंतिम बाइट के रूप में और अंतिम बाइट निम्न सरोगेट पेयर के अंतिम बाइट के रूप में होता है।
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```python
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def unicode(findHex):
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for i in range(0,0xFFFFF):
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H = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) / 0x400) + 0xD800))
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h = chr(int(H[-2:],16))
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L = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xDC00)))
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l = chr(int(L[-2:],16))
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if(h == findHex[0]) and (l == findHex[1]):
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print(H.replace("0x","\\u")+L.replace("0x","\\u"))
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```
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### `javascript{}:` प्रोटोकॉल फज़िंग
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```javascript
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// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 34). Kindle Edition.
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log=[];
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let anchor = document.createElement('a');
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for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
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anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(i)}:`;
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if(anchor.protocol === 'javascript:') {
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log.push(i);
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}
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}
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console.log(log)//9,10,13,58
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// Note that you could BF also other possitions of the use of multiple chars
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// Test one option
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let anchor = document.createElement('a');
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anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(58)}:alert(1337)`;
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anchor.append('Click me')
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document.body.append(anchor)
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// Another way to test
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<a href="javascript:alert(1337)">Test</a>
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```
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### URL Fuzzing
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```javascript
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// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 36-37). Kindle Edition.
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// Before the protocol
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a = document.createElement("a")
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log = []
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for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
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a.href = `${String.fromCodePoint(i)}https://hacktricks.wiki`
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if (a.hostname === "hacktricks.xyz") {
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log.push(i)
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}
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}
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console.log(log) //0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32
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// Between the slashes
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a = document.createElement("a")
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log = []
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for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
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a.href = `/${String.fromCodePoint(i)}/hacktricks.xyz`
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if (a.hostname === "hacktricks.xyz") {
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log.push(i)
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}
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}
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console.log(log) //9,10,13,47,92
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```
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### HTML Fuzzing
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```javascript
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// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 38). Kindle Edition.
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// Fuzzing chars that can close an HTML comment
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let log = []
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let div = document.createElement("div")
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for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
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div.innerHTML = `<!----${String.fromCodePoint(i)}><span></span>-->`
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if (div.querySelector("span")) {
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log.push(i)
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}
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}
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console.log(log) //33,45,62
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```
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## **विश्लेषण करना गुण**
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Portswigger का टूल **Hackability inspector** एक जावास्क्रिप्ट ऑब्जेक्ट के **गुणों** का **विश्लेषण** करने में मदद करता है। जांचें: [https://portswigger-labs.net/hackability/inspector/?input=x.contentWindow\&html=%3Ciframe%20src=//subdomain1.portswigger-labs.net%20id=x%3E](https://portswigger-labs.net/hackability/inspector/?input=x.contentWindow&html=%3Ciframe%20src=//subdomain1.portswigger-labs.net%20id=x%3E)
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## **.map js फ़ाइलें**
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- .map js फ़ाइलें डाउनलोड करने का ट्रिक: [https://medium.com/@bitthebyte/javascript-for-bug-bounty-hunters-part-2-f82164917e7](https://medium.com/@bitthebyte/javascript-for-bug-bounty-hunters-part-2-f82164917e7)
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- आप इन फ़ाइलों का विश्लेषण करने के लिए इस टूल का उपयोग कर सकते हैं [https://github.com/paazmaya/shuji](https://github.com/paazmaya/shuji)
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## "--" असाइनमेंट
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कमी ऑपरेटर `--` भी एक असाइनमेंट है। यह ऑपरेटर एक मान लेता है और फिर उसे एक से घटाता है। यदि वह मान संख्या नहीं है, तो इसे `NaN` पर सेट किया जाएगा। इसका उपयोग **पर्यावरण से वेरिएबल्स की सामग्री को हटाने** के लिए किया जा सकता है।
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.png>)
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.png>)
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## फ़ंक्शंस ट्रिक्स
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### .call और .apply
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एक फ़ंक्शन की **`.call`** विधि का उपयोग **फ़ंक्शन को चलाने** के लिए किया जाता है।\
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यह **पहला तर्क** जिसे यह डिफ़ॉल्ट रूप से अपेक्षित करता है, वह है **`this` का मान** और यदि **कुछ भी** प्रदान नहीं किया गया है, तो **`window`** वह मान होगा (जब तक कि **`strict mode`** का उपयोग नहीं किया गया हो)।
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```javascript
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function test_call() {
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console.log(this.value) //baz
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}
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new_this = { value: "hey!" }
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test_call.call(new_this)
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// To pass more arguments, just pass then inside .call()
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function test_call() {
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console.log(arguments[0]) //"arg1"
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console.log(arguments[1]) //"arg2"
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console.log(this) //[object Window]
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}
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test_call.call(null, "arg1", "arg2")
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// If you use the "use strict" directive "this" will be null instead of window:
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function test_call() {
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"use strict"
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console.log(this) //null
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}
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test_call.call(null)
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//The apply function is pretty much exactly the same as the call function with one important difference, you can supply an array of arguments in the second argument:
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function test_apply() {
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console.log(arguments[0]) //"arg1"
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console.log(arguments[1]) //"arg2"
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console.log(this) //[object Window]
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}
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test_apply.apply(null, ["arg1", "arg2"])
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```
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### Arrow functions
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Arrow functions आपको एक ही पंक्ति में फ़ंक्शन बनाने की अनुमति देते हैं (यदि आप उन्हें समझते हैं)
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```javascript
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// Traditional
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function (a){ return a + 1; }
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// Arrow forms
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a => a + 100;
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a => {a + 100};
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// Traditional
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function (a, b){ return a + b + 1; }
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// Arrow
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(a, b) => a + b + 100;
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// Tradictional no args
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let a = 4;
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let b = 2;
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function (){ return a + b + 1; }
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// Arrow
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let a = 4;
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let b = 2;
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() => a + b + 1;
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```
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तो, अधिकांश पिछले फ़ंक्शन वास्तव में बेकार हैं क्योंकि हम उन्हें कहीं भी सहेज नहीं रहे हैं ताकि उन्हें सहेज सकें और कॉल कर सकें। उदाहरण के लिए `plusone` फ़ंक्शन बनाना:
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```javascript
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// Traductional
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function plusone(a) {
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return a + 1
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}
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//Arrow
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plusone = (a) => a + 100
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```
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### Bind function
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bind फ़ंक्शन एक **कॉपी** बनाने की अनुमति देता है **फंक्शन को संशोधित** करते हुए **`this`** ऑब्जेक्ट और दिए गए **पैरामीटर्स**।
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```javascript
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//This will use the this object and print "Hello World"
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var fn = function (param1, param2) {
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console.info(this, param1, param2)
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}
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fn("Hello", "World")
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//This will still use the this object and print "Hello World"
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var copyFn = fn.bind()
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copyFn("Hello", "World")
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//This will use the "console" object as "this" object inside the function and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
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var bindFn_change = fn.bind(console, "fixingparam1")
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bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
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//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
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var bindFn_thisnull = fn.bind(null, "fixingparam1")
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bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
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//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
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var bindFn_this = fn.bind(this, "fixingparam1")
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bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
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```
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> [!NOTE]
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> ध्यान दें कि **`bind`** का उपयोग करके आप **`this`** ऑब्जेक्ट को नियंत्रित कर सकते हैं जो फ़ंक्शन को कॉल करते समय उपयोग किया जाएगा।
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### फ़ंक्शन कोड लीक
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यदि आप किसी फ़ंक्शन के **ऑब्जेक्ट** तक **पहुँच** सकते हैं तो आप उस फ़ंक्शन का **कोड** प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।
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```javascript
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function afunc() {
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return 1 + 1
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}
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console.log(afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
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console.log(String(afunc)) //This will print the code of the function
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console.log(this.afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
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console.log(global.afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
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```
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ऐसे मामलों में जहाँ **फंक्शन का कोई नाम नहीं है**, आप अभी भी **फंक्शन कोड** को अंदर से प्रिंट कर सकते हैं:
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```javascript
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;(function () {
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return arguments.callee.toString()
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})()(function () {
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return arguments[0]
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})("arg0")
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```
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कुछ **यादृच्छिक** तरीके किसी अन्य फ़ंक्शन से फ़ंक्शन का **कोड निकालने** के लिए (यहां तक कि टिप्पणियां):
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```javascript
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;(function () {
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return (retFunc) => String(arguments[0])
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})((a) => {
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/* Hidden commment */
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})()(function () {
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return (retFunc) => Array(arguments[0].toString())
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})((a) => {
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/* Hidden commment */
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})()(function () {
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return String(this)
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}).bind(() => {
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/* Hidden commment */
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})()((u) => String(u))((_) => {
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/* Hidden commment */
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})((u) => (_) => String(u))((_) => {
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/* Hidden commment */
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})()
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```
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## Sandbox Escape - Recovering window object
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Window ऑब्जेक्ट globally परिभाषित फ़ंक्शनों जैसे alert या eval तक पहुँचने की अनुमति देता है।
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```javascript
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// Some ways to access window
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window.eval("alert(1)")
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frames
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globalThis
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parent
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self
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top //If inside a frame, this is top most window
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// Access window from document
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document.defaultView.alert(1)
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// Access document from a node object
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node = document.createElement('div')
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node.ownerDocument.defaultView.alert(1)
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// There is a path property on each error event whose last element is the window
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<img src onerror=event.path.pop().alert(1337)>
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// In other browsers the method is
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<img src onerror=event.composedPath().pop().alert(1337)>
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// In case of svg, the "event" object is called "evt"
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<svg><image href=1 onerror=evt.composedPath().pop().alert(1337)>
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// Abusing Error.prepareStackTrace to get Window back
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Error.prepareStackTrace=function(error, callSites){
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2 callSites.shift().getThis().alert(1337);
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3 };
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4 new Error().stack
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// From an HTML event
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// Events from HTML are executed in this context
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with(document) {
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|
with(element) {
|
|
//executed event
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
// Because of that with(document) it's possible to access properties of document like:
|
|
<img src onerror=defaultView.alert(1337)>
|
|
<img src onerror=s=createElement('script');s.append('alert(1337)');appendChild(s)>
|
|
```
|
|
## मान तक पहुँचने पर ब्रेकपॉइंट
|
|
```javascript
|
|
// Stop when a property in sessionStorage or localStorage is set/get
|
|
// via getItem or setItem functions
|
|
sessionStorage.getItem = localStorage.getItem = function (prop) {
|
|
debugger
|
|
return sessionStorage[prop]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
localStorage.setItem = function (prop, val) {
|
|
debugger
|
|
localStorage[prop] = val
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
// Stop when anyone sets or gets the property "ppmap" in any object
|
|
// For example sessionStorage.ppmap
|
|
// "123".ppmap
|
|
// Useful to find where weird properties are being set or accessed
|
|
// or to find where prototype pollutions are occurring
|
|
|
|
function debugAccess(obj, prop, debugGet = true) {
|
|
var origValue = obj[prop]
|
|
|
|
Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, {
|
|
get: function () {
|
|
if (debugGet) debugger
|
|
return origValue
|
|
},
|
|
set: function (val) {
|
|
debugger
|
|
origValue = val
|
|
},
|
|
})
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
debugAccess(Object.prototype, "ppmap")
|
|
```
|
|
## स्वचालित ब्राउज़र एक्सेस परीक्षण पेलोड्स के लिए
|
|
```javascript
|
|
//Taken from https://github.com/svennergr/writeups/blob/master/inti/0621/README.md
|
|
const puppeteer = require("puppeteer")
|
|
|
|
const realPasswordLength = 3000
|
|
async function sleep(ms) {
|
|
return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
;(async () => {
|
|
const browser = await puppeteer.launch()
|
|
const page = await browser.newPage()
|
|
//Loop to iterate through different values
|
|
for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i += 100) {
|
|
console.log(`Run number ${i}`)
|
|
const input = `${"0".repeat(i)}${realPasswordLength}`
|
|
console.log(
|
|
` https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true×tamp=1624556811000`
|
|
)
|
|
//Go to the page
|
|
await page.goto(
|
|
`https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true×tamp=1624556811000`
|
|
)
|
|
//Call function "generate()" inside the page
|
|
await page.evaluate("generate()")
|
|
//Get node inner text from an HTML element
|
|
const passwordContent = await page.$$eval(
|
|
".alert .page-content",
|
|
(node) => node[0].innerText
|
|
)
|
|
//Transform the content and print it in console
|
|
const plainPassword = passwordContent.replace("Your password is: ", "")
|
|
if (plainPassword.length != realPasswordLength) {
|
|
console.log(i, plainPassword.length, plainPassword)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
await sleep(1000)
|
|
}
|
|
await browser.close()
|
|
})()
|
|
```
|
|
{{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
|