mirror of
https://github.com/HackTricks-wiki/hacktricks.git
synced 2025-10-10 18:36:50 +00:00
42 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
42 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
# HTTP Connection Request Smuggling
|
|
|
|
{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
|
|
|
|
**This is a summary of the post** [**https://portswigger.net/research/browser-powered-desync-attacks**](https://portswigger.net/research/browser-powered-desync-attacks)
|
|
|
|
## Connection State Attacks <a href="#state" id="state"></a>
|
|
|
|
### First-request Validation
|
|
|
|
When routing requests, reverse proxies might depend on the **Host header** to determine the destination back-end server, often relying on a whitelist of hosts that are permitted access. However, a vulnerability exists in some proxies where the whitelist is only enforced on the initial request in a connection. Consequently, attackers could exploit this by first making a request to an allowed host and then requesting an internal site through the same connection:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
GET / HTTP/1.1
|
|
Host: [allowed-external-host]
|
|
|
|
GET / HTTP/1.1
|
|
Host: [internal-host]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### First-request Routing
|
|
|
|
In some configurations, a front-end server may use the **Host header of the first request** to determine the back-end routing for that request, and then persistently route all subsequent requests from the same client connection to the same back-end connection. This can be demonstrated as:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
GET / HTTP/1.1
|
|
Host: example.com
|
|
|
|
POST /pwreset HTTP/1.1
|
|
Host: psres.net
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This issue can potentially be combined with [Host header attacks](https://portswigger.net/web-security/host-header), such as password reset poisoning or [web cache poisoning](https://portswigger.net/web-security/web-cache-poisoning), to exploit other vulnerabilities or gain unauthorized access to additional virtual hosts.
|
|
|
|
> [!TIP]
|
|
> To identify these vulnerabilities, the 'connection-state probe' feature in HTTP Request Smuggler can be utilized.
|
|
|
|
{{#include ../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|