diff --git a/src/generic-methodologies-and-resources/basic-forensic-methodology/image-acquisition-and-mount.md b/src/generic-methodologies-and-resources/basic-forensic-methodology/image-acquisition-and-mount.md index c88c0bb61..244c976db 100644 --- a/src/generic-methodologies-and-resources/basic-forensic-methodology/image-acquisition-and-mount.md +++ b/src/generic-methodologies-and-resources/basic-forensic-methodology/image-acquisition-and-mount.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ sha256sum disk.img > disk.img.sha256 sudo dc3dd if=/dev/sdc of=/forensics/pc.img hash=sha256,sha1 hashlog=/forensics/pc.hashes log=/forensics/pc.log bs=1M ``` ### Guymager -Picha ya grafiki, yenye nyuzi nyingi inayounga mkono **raw (dd)**, **EWF (E01/EWFX)** na **AFF4** matokeo na uthibitisho wa sambamba. Inapatikana katika sehemu nyingi za Linux (`apt install guymager`). +Picha ya grafiki, yenye nyuzi nyingi inayounga mkono **raw (dd)**, **EWF (E01/EWFX)** na **AFF4** matokeo yenye uthibitisho wa sambamba. Inapatikana katika sehemu nyingi za Linux (`apt install guymager`). ```bash # Start in GUI mode sudo guymager @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sudo guymager --simulate --input /dev/sdb --format EWF --hash sha256 --output /e ``` ### AFF4 (Advanced Forensics Format 4) -AFF4 ni muundo wa picha wa kisasa wa Google ulioandaliwa kwa ajili ya *sana* ushahidi mkubwa (sparse, resumable, cloud-native). +AFF4 ni muundo wa picha wa kisasa wa Google ulioandaliwa kwa ajili ya *sana* kubwa za ushahidi (sparse, resumable, cloud-native). ```bash # Acquire to AFF4 using the reference tool pipx install aff4imager @@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ sudo ewfacquire /dev/sdb -u evidence -c 1 -d "Seizure 2025-07-22" -e 1 -X examin aws ec2 create-snapshot --volume-id vol-01234567 --description "IR-case-1234 web-server 2025-07-22" # Copy the snapshot to S3 and download with aws cli / aws snowball ``` -*Azure* – tumia `az snapshot create` na uhamasishaji kwa URL ya SAS. Tazama ukurasa wa HackTricks {{#ref}} +*Azure* – tumia `az snapshot create` na uhamasishaji kwa URL ya SAS. Tazama ukurasa kutoka HackTricks: + +{{#ref}} ../../cloud/azure/azure-forensics.md {{#endref}} @@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ sudo qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd1 --read-only /mnt/ewf/ewf1 # 3. Mount the desired partition sudo mount -o ro,norecovery /dev/nbd1p1 /mnt/evidence ``` -Mbadala yake, badilisha papo hapo kwa kutumia **xmount**: +Kwa upande mwingine, badilisha papo hapo kwa kutumia **xmount**: ```bash xmount --in ewf evidence.E01 --out raw /tmp/raw_mount mount -o ro /tmp/raw_mount/image.dd /mnt @@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ mount -o ro /dev/mapper/loop0p2 /mnt | Kosa | Sababu ya Kawaida | Suluhisho | |-------|---------------|-----| -| `cannot mount /dev/loop0 read-only` | FS iliyorekodiwa (ext4) haijafungwa kwa usahihi | tumia `-o ro,norecovery` | +| `cannot mount /dev/loop0 read-only` | FS iliyoandikwa (ext4) haijafungwa vizuri | tumia `-o ro,norecovery` | | `bad superblock …` | Offset mbaya au FS iliyoharibika | hesabu offset (`sector*size`) au endesha `fsck -n` kwenye nakala | | `mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'` | Kontena la LVM | aktivisha kundi la volumu kwa `vgchange -ay` | @@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ kpartx -dv /dev/loop0 # or qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0 ``` ## Marejeo -- Tangazo la chombo cha picha za AFF4 & spesifikesheni: https://github.com/aff4/aff4 +- Tangazo la chombo cha picha za AFF4 & maelezo: https://github.com/aff4/aff4 - Ukurasa wa mwongozo wa qemu-nbd (kuweka picha za diski kwa usalama): https://manpages.debian.org/qemu-system-common/qemu-nbd.1.en.html {{#include ../../banners/hacktricks-training.md}}